Osteoporosis分析.pptVIP

The bones in our skeleton are made of a thick outer shell and a strong inner mesh filled with collagen (protein), calcium salts and other minerals. The inside looks like honeycomb, with blood vessels and bone marrow in the spaces between bone. Literally translates as “porous bones” Osteoporosis occurs when the holes between bone become bigger, making it fragile and liable to break easily Normal bone density is within 1 SD of the young adult mean Osteopenic bone density is between 1 and 2.5 SD below the young adult mean (T-score between 1 and 2.5) Osteoporotic bone density is 2.5 SD below the young adult mean (T-score greater than 2.5) Those who fall at the lower end of the young normal range (a T-score of 1 SD below the mean) have low bone density and are considered to be at increased risk of osteoporosis In the USA, the estimated prevalence of osteopenia is 15 million in women and 3 million in men. The estimated prevalence of osteoporosis is 8 million in women and 2 million in men. Although, osteoporosis affects 10 million individuals in the United States, only 10 to 20% are diagnosed and treated Osteoporosis has been termed a silent disease because, until a fracture occurs, symptoms are absent. Chief clinical manifestations are vertebral and hip fractures Rate of fracture increases exponentially with increasing magnitude of T-scores About 300,000 hip fractures occur each year in the United States Hip fractures are associated with a high incidence of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism (20 to 50%) and a mortality rate between 5 and 20% during the few months after surgery. Treatment of the patient with osteoporosis frequently involves management of acute fractures as well as treatment of the underlying disease Patients should be thoroughly educated to reduce the likelihood of any risk factors associated with bone loss and falling A large body of data indicates that optimal calcium intake reduces bone loss and suppresses bone turnover Routine to