霉菌毒素对动物的危害及控制.PDF

霉菌毒素对动物的危害与控制 Contamination and Control of Mycotoxins in Feed 陈峰 博士 副教授 CHEN FENG 上海交通大学生命科学与技术学院 School of life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University EMAIL: cf2001@s Shanghai Jiao Tong University 目录 一、引言：霉菌毒素对饲料的污染 二、饲料中常见霉菌毒素对动物的危害 三、霉菌毒素的污染程度 四、全球对霉菌毒素的控制与立法现状 五、霉菌毒素控制的HACCP 系统 六、霉菌毒素的去除措施 陈峰，上海交通大学生命科学与技术学院 Shanghai Jiao Tong University I. Introduction: What are the effects of mould on animal?引言：霉菌及毒素对饲料的污染 Mouldy feeds are less palatable and animals may eat less.食欲 减少 • This will lead to a reduction in nutrient intake and so decrease weight gain and milk production.导致采食量减少、体重下降和产奶量下降。 Mouldy feed may not be as digestible and the energy content will be reduced.营养转化率下降 Mould itself will use nutrients from the feed for its own development, reducing that available to the animal.霉菌消耗营 养 Mould may cause health problems, especially respiratory disease. 造成健康问题，特别是呼吸性疾病 Toxins can be found.真菌毒素的产生 陈峰，上海交通大学生命科学与技术学院 Shanghai Jiao Tong University 霉菌毒素的污染是一个全球性的问题 Mycotoxin contamination of food and feeds remains a world-wide problem The United Nation’s FAO has estimated that as much as 25% of the world’s food is significantly contaminated. 联合国粮农组织估计每年全球有多达25%的食品和饲料被 污染。 Photo from: Microbiology, 6th edition, McGraw Hill 陈峰，上海交通大学生命科学与技术学院 Shanghai Jiao Tong University 1. 衡量霉菌毒素对饲料污染严重程度 一、饲料霉变程度； 二、饲料中霉菌毒素含量 三、动物的中毒频率。 陈峰，上海交通大学生命科学与技术学院 Shanghai Jiao Tong University 2. 饲料中常见的产毒霉菌： Common moulds produce mycotoxins 曲霉属 （Aspergillus） • 黄曲霉、赭曲霉、杂