毕业设计外文翻译电子信息工程 RANGING TECHNIQUES FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS.doc

河北建筑工程学院 毕业设计（论文）外文资料翻译 系别： 电气系 专业： 电子信息工程 附 件：1、外文原文；2、外文资料翻译译文。 指导教师评语： 签字： 年 月 日 外文原文（复印件） 8.3 RANGING TECHNIQUES FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS The RF location sensors operating in different environments can measure the RSS, AOA, phase of arrival (POA), TOA, and signature of the delay - power profile as location metrics to estimate the ranging distance [4,7] . The deployment environment (i.e., wireless RF channel) will constrain the accuracy and the performance of each technique. In outdoor open areas, these ranging techniques perform very well. However, as the wireless medium becomes more complex, for example, dense urban or indoor environments, the channel suffers from severe multipath propagation and heavy shadow fading conditions. This finding in turn impacts the accuracy and performance in estimating the range between a pair of nodes. For this reason, this chapter will focus its ranging and localization discussion on indoor environments. This is important because many of the WSN applications are envisioned for deployment in rough terrain and cluttered environments and understanding of the impact of the channel on the performance of ranging and localization is important. In addition, range measurements using POA and AOA in indoor and urban areas are unreliable. Therefore, we will focus our discussion on two practical techniques,TOA and RSS.These two ranging techniques, which have been used traditionally in wireless networks, have a great potential for use in WSN localization. The TOA based ranging is suitable for accurate indoor localization because it only needs a few references and no prior training. By using this technique, however, the hardware is complex and the accuracy is sensitive to the multipath condition and the system bandwidth. This technique has been implemented in GPS, PinPoint, WearNet, IEEE 802.15.3, and IEEE 802.15.4 systems. The RSS based ranging,