英美概况课件te_History_of_UK.pptVIP

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英美概况课件te_History_of_UK

History of the UK History of Invasion The earliest people known in Britain were nomads from mainland Europe in the Old Stone Age. (Iberians 伊比利亚人) Between 660BC and 43AD, there was movement of Celtic tribes also from Europe, bring in an Iron Age civilization and two languages that became the later Gealic and Welsh. Celtic people called Britons settles in Britain. They were warriors and farmers who were skilled metal workers. They built villages and hill forts, and used iron weapons and tools. Celts called Gaels lived in Ireland. Romans invaded Britain in 55BC to conquer the native Britons but retreated by 409. First invasion - Caesars first raid (55BC) Second invasion - Caesars second raid (54BC) Third and final invasion - in 43 A.D. Emperor Claudius organized the final and successful Roman invasion of Britain What did The Romans give to Britons? Language – Latin The calendar – Solar Canledar Laws and legal system The Census Civil Civilization: straight roads central heating concrete aqueducts (bridges for water) Between the 5th and 7th centuries, Germanic people form Europe ----- the Angles, the Saxons and the Jutes ----- arrived in massive members, who have come to constitute Britain’s present predominant stock. Their language became the foundation of the basic, short, everyday words in modern English. It was the Angles who gave their name to England (Angle’s land) and the English people. The new invaders brought along their language which was called Old English. The language of the Angles. This was the beginning of the Old English period in English history. The Anglo-Saxons established many kingdoms based on their tribes. The many small kingdoms gradually combined into seven principal kingdoms of Kent, Essex, Sussex, Wessex, East Anglia, Mercia and Northumbria. They were generally given the name of Heptarchy. In the early 9th century, Wessex became the dominant kingdom. One of the earliest and greatest o English Kings was Alfred

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