基于单片机的火灾探测和监控系统-外文文献翻译.docxVIP

外文文献原稿和译文原　　稿Multiple single-chip microcomputer approach tofire detection and monitoring systemA.J. AI-Khalili, MSc, PhDD. AI-Khalili, MSc, PhDM.S. Khassem, MScIndexing term : Hazards, Design, Plant condition monitoringAbstract: A complete system for fire detection and alarm monitoring has been proposed for complex plants. The system uses multiple single chip architecture attached to a party line. The control algorithm is based on a two-level hierarchy of decision making, thus the complexity is distributed. A complete circuit diagram is given for the local and the central station with requirements for the software structure. The design is kept in general form such that it can be adapted to a multitude of plant configurations. It is particularly shown how new developments in technology, especially CMOS single chip devices, are incorporated in the system design to reduce the complexity of the overall hardware, e.g. by decomposing the system such that lower levels of hierarchy are able to have some autonomy in decision making, and thus a more complex decision is solved in a simple distributed method.1 Detection and alarm devicesA basic fire detection system consists of two parts, detectionand annunciation. An automatic detection device, such as a heat, smoke or flame detector, ultraviolet orinfrared detectors or flame flicker, is based on detectingthe byproduct of a combustion. Smoke detectors, of bothionization and optical types, are the most commonly useddetector devices. When a typical detector of this typeenters the alarm state its current consumption increasesfrom the pA to the mA range (say, from a mere 15pA inthe dormant mode to 60 mA) in the active mode. Inmany detectors the detector output voltage is welldefined under various operating conditions, such as thosegiven in Table 1. The more sensitive the detector, themore susceptible it is to false alarms. In order to controlthe detector precisely, either of the following methods isused: a coincidence technique ca