英国政治体制君主立宪制英文介绍.ppt

outline 1.Constitution 2.Monarchy 3.Parliament 4.Government 5.Political Parties Government of United Kingdom 1.Constitutional Monarchy Monarchy: a king or queen serves as the head of state. Constitutional monarchy: a form of government in wh ich a monarch acts as head of state within the parameters of a written or unwritten constitution. 1.the power of monarch is limited by the consititution 2.the legal authority is given to the government 3.the executive authority to the government 4.the sovereignreigns,but does not rule. Contemporary constitutional monarchies include Australia, Belgium, Cambodia, Canada, Denmark, Japan, Luxembourg, Malaysia, The Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Thailand and the United Kingdom. 目前世界上的君主立宪制国家有： 欧洲：英国、挪威、瑞典、丹麦、荷兰、比利时、卢森堡、西班牙、安道尔、摩纳哥、列支敦士登 亚洲：日本、柬埔寨、泰国、马来西亚、尼泊尔 非洲：毛里求斯 The Constitution Britain doesn’t have a constitution written down in a single document. The constitution flows from(出自)6 sources: 1) The Royal Prerogatives 皇家特权 2) *Statute Laws 成文法 3) *Common Laws 普通法, 判例法 4) *Conventions 习惯法 5) Authoritative Opinions 权威意见 6) European Union Laws 欧盟法 2.The Monarch symbol of the whole nation head of the executive an integral part of the legislature Represents the political continuity and adaptability 3.British Parliament the centre of the political system in the UK the supreme legislative body The Government is drawn from and answerable to it Parliament=Legislature (立法机关) The House of Lords (the Upper House) The House of commons(the Lower House) 1.Composition : 651 MPs(Members of parliament) 2.The speaker : election by Britian citizens 3.Tenure: 5 years 1）at least 18years old 4.The qualification: 2）no members of the upper house 5.Functions 1) Make laws 2) Control and criticize the executive government 3) Cont