胆系影像诊断医.ppt

胆道系统影像诊断 山西省汾阳医院CT室 董瑞生 胆囊炎 （一）急性胆囊炎 【临床与病理】 多见45岁以下女性 临床表现 右上腹痛，伴发热、畏寒、轻度黄疸 体征 右上腹压痛、肌紧张、Murphy征阳性 梗阻、感染、缺血是急性胆囊炎的主要病因 病理分型 急性单纯性：胆囊粘膜的炎症、充血和水肿 急性化脓性：炎症波及胆囊全部，胆囊内充满脓液，浆膜面纤维素渗出 急性坏疽性：胆囊内充满脓液，胆囊壁缺血、坏死，易穿孔 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. （一）急性胆囊炎 【影像学表现】 CT 胆囊增大，直径大于5cm 胆囊壁弥漫性增厚超过3mm 增厚的胆囊壁有明显均匀增强 胆囊周围水肿形成胆囊周围环形低密度 胆囊周围可有液体渗出 胆囊坏死、穿孔，胆囊窝可见包含有液平面的脓肿 胆囊炎 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 平扫CT 急性胆囊炎 “三明治”征 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 急性胆囊炎 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 急性坏疽性胆囊炎：胆囊穿孔，合并肝脓肿 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. （一）急性胆囊炎 【影像学表现】 MRI 胆囊增大，胆囊壁增厚 增厚的胆囊壁因水肿而出现T1WI低信号，T2WI高信号 胆囊内的胆汁含水量增加，T1WI呈低信号，T2WI为高信号 胆囊炎 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. （二）慢性胆囊炎 【临床与病理】 可为急性胆囊炎反复发作的结果，也可开始即为慢性 女性多见，30-50岁高发 病理改变 胆囊壁增厚，瘢痕收缩，周围粘连 镜下见粘膜破坏，被肉芽组织或瘢痕组织替代，淋巴细胞浸润，纤维化，钙化 胆囊炎 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. （二）慢性胆囊炎 【影像学表现】 CT和MRI 胆囊壁均匀或不均匀性增厚(3mm)是主要表现 胆囊壁的钙化是典型表现 胆囊萎缩致胆囊缩小 胆囊积水致胆囊增大 增强检查，增厚的胆囊壁出现均匀强化 合并胆囊石 胆囊炎 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 慢性胆囊炎 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 慢性胆囊炎合并胆囊石 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0