纯化水与超纯水的制备原理(国外英文资料).docVIP

纯化水与超纯水的制备原理(国外英文资料) The preparation of purified water and ultra-pure water This is a review of the purification of water and the preparation of ultra-pure water. All kinds of purification are introduced Water technology and some recent advances. Including distillation, ion exchange and electrodialysis And anti-osmosis The purification of the water of the key words purified water ions exchange electrodialysis reverse osmosis One. Natural water usually contains five impurities: Electrolytes, including charged particles, common cations H +, Na +, K +, NH4 +, Mg2 +, Ca2 +, Fe3 +, Cu2 +, Mn2 +, Al3 +, etc. Anions have F -, Cl -, NO3 -, HCO3 -, SO42 -, PO43 -, H2PO4 -, HSiO3 -, etc. Organic substances such as organic acids, pesticides, hydrocarbons, alcohols and esters; 3. Particulate matter; Microbial; 4. Dissolved gases, including: N2, O2, Cl2, H2S, CO, CO2, CH4, etc. The purification of water is the removal of these impurities. The more thoroughly the impurities go, the cleaner the water will be. National standards: there are technical indicators for drinking pure water (GB17323), analysis laboratory water [2] (gb6682-92) and electronic level water [3] (GB/t11446-1997). The purification method of water Distillation is divided into glass and quartz distillers, and copper, stainless steel and platinum distiller are made of metal. The distillation number can be divided into one, two and multiple distillation. In addition, special measures are needed to remove some of the special impurities. For example, some potassium permanganate can be added to remove the oxidant; Add a little phosphate to remove the trivalent iron; Add a little bit of non-volatile acid and you can make it without ammonia. Distilled water can meet the water requirements of the general analysis laboratory. Its hard to get rid of carbon dioxide. So the water resistivity is very low, short of M Ω level. The need for many new technologies cannot be met. There are two main types of ion exchange methods: A.