BETranslation11被动语态句的翻译.pptVIP

被动语态句的翻译 *1. Review English Passive Voice Structure *2. Differences Between English Chinese Passive Voice Sentences *3. Methods Applied in Translating the Passive Voice Sentences Both From E-C and Vice Versa   1. subject (recipient) + be + V –ed + by (agent of an action) other varieties such as: 2. subject (recipient) + get + V-ed +by (agent of an action) 3. subject (recipient) + become+ V-ed + by (agent of an action) They become moved by his words and deeds. They were moved by what he said. He got injured in a car accident. We become affected by his thoughts. It is stipulated that … 按照规定…… It is felt that… 人们觉得/感到…… It has been proved that… 业已证明…… It is believed that… 人们认为…… It is understood that… 大家明白…… It must be admitted that… 必须承认…… it is found that… 人们发现…… It cannot be denied that… 无可否认…… Vegetable oil has been known from antiquity. 植物油自古以来就为人们所熟悉。 She was blamed for everything her sister did. 她为妹妹所作的事而受谴责。 The lights have been turned on by him. 灯给他打开了。 The crops were washed away by the flood. 庄稼让洪水给冲跑了。 Comparison between English Chinese Passive Voice Sentences Comparison between English Chinese Passive Voice Sentences The finished products must be carefully inspected before delivery. 成品出厂前必须予以仔细检查。 He was elected chairman of the Students’ Union. 他被选为学生会主席。 Boats are move by oars or by wind. 帆船靠桨或风推动。 汉语被动语态句使用的三种情形： 1.人一般都是动作的发出者，即施事，如果要特别强调作为主语的表示人的名词是动作的受事，把它与作为施事的主语区别开来就要用被动语态句。有一些基于人们的常识，作为受事的主语与谓语动词之间的搭配关系不会造成句义的歧义，即不会有另一种含义的理解，此时，即便是被动的含义也以主动句的形式出现。 例： 他抓了一个小偷。他被小偷刺伤了。 （“他”在这两个句子中都是主语，但却分别是施事、受事。） 例：那个小偷抓起来了。 那个罪犯枪毙了。 （作主语的“小偷”和“罪犯”是受事，句子是被动含义却以主动形式表达。） 汉语被动语态句使用的三种情形 2.动物一般是动作的对象，即受事。因此表示动物的名词作主语时，即便是被动含义也用主动句来表达，在这样的汉语被动句中不会出现“被”这一虚词。这是与英语被动句所不同的地方。 例：鸡杀了吗？鸡杀了。 猪喂了吗？猪喂了。 以上句中的鸡和猪都是动作的对象，即受事，句子要表达的是被动含义却以主动形式表达。 汉语被动语态句使用的三种情形 3.表示事件或无生物的名词往往是动作的作用对象，一般来说，他们和动词连用即便是表示被动含义，往往用主动句来表达，即不出现“被”这一虚词。这是与英语被动句所不同的地方。 例： 货发了。 单车修好了。票买好了。 药吃了。水喝了。 信用证开了。 早稻收割了。树栽了。 邀请函发出去了。合同签了。 以上的2、3种情形是与英语被动句使用最明显的差