新常态下经济增长动力：要凯恩斯还是熊彼特 - 社科网.pdfVIP

Forum on Development Economics No.2, 2015 26 ◆茶洪旺① Hong-wang Cha 新常态下经济增长动力：要凯恩斯还是熊彼特 Economic Growth Impetus in New Normal: To Need John Maynard Keynes or Joseph Alois Schumpeter 摘要：由于历史和现实的种种原因，我国是一个崇尚投资拉动增长的发展中国家，原有经济模式的 核心就是政府主导型投资拉动增长。本文通过理论与实践上对投资拉动增长的“凯恩斯动力”客观分析， 尤其是对我国长期奉行的投资拉动增长模式进行了理性反思，进而论证了我国经济新常态下加快从投资 拉动增长的“凯恩斯动力”向创新驱动增长的“熊彼特动力”转变的紧迫性和重要性。并认为要使“创新驱动 增长”成为经济新常态下的增长动力，唯有依靠全面深化改革来推进。 关键词：经济发展新常态；投资拉动增长；创新驱动增长；全面深化改革 中图分类号：F061.3 文献标识码：A Abstract ：China is a developing country which advocates investment to stimulate economic growth due to all sorts of historical and realistic reasons. Her original core of economic model was government-oriented investment pulling economic growth. This paper objectively analyzes “Keynes impetus” of investment-pulled economic growth from theories and practices, especially, rationally reflects long-term adherence to the growth pattern of investment-pulled economic, and then discusses that it is urgency and significance to quicken to turn from “Keynes impetus” of investment-pulled economic growth to “Schumpeter impetus” of innovation-driven economic growth. Therefore, it is an only approach to deepen reform all round if “innovation-driven economic growth” will be the growth impetus in new normal. Key Words: Economic Development New Normal, Investment-pulled Economic Growth, Innovation-driven Economic Growth, Deepening Reform all Round 一、引言 ①作者简介：茶洪旺，北京邮电大学区域经济与产业发展中心主任，教授，邮政编码：100876。 ·1 · 26《发展经济学论坛》2015 年第 2 期 凯恩斯和熊彼特是 20 世纪两位伟大的经济学家。1930 年代，凯恩斯和熊彼特发生过激烈的争 论，凯恩斯认为，经济增长的动力来自于连续增加的资本和人力投入，而熊彼特认为，经济增长的 动力并不是来自经济要素投入的增加，而是一种“创造性破坏”（Creative Destruction ）。由于凯恩 斯理论为当时走出萧条提供了一份有效的“行动方案”，