心外科常见疾病—培训课件.pptVIP

The triangle of Koch has become vitally important in performing transcatheter ablations. Koch’s triangle is defined posteriorly by the os of the coronary sinus. The apex of the triangle is defined anteriorly by the His bundle. The tendon of Todaro and the tricuspid valve annulus comprise the other two sides of the triangle. Fast pathway along Tendon of Todaro, Slow pathway along tricuspid valve annulus 心外科常见疾病 瓣膜病 二尖瓣（mitral valve） 二尖瓣狭窄( MS )--mitral stenosis [?maitr?l sti?n?usis] 二尖瓣关闭不全( MI )--mitral inadequacy[?maitr?l ?n??d?kw?si:] ( MR )--mitral regurgitation 二尖瓣狭窄合并关闭不全( MSI/MSR ) 主动脉瓣（aortic valve） 主动脉瓣狭窄( MS )--aortic stenosis 主动脉瓣关闭不全( MI )--aortic inadequacy ( MR )--aortic regurgitation 主动脉瓣瓣狭窄合并关闭不全( MSI/MSR ) 治疗 二尖瓣成形（MVP）---mitral valvuloplasty[?maitr?l ?v?lvj?l??pl?sti:] 二尖瓣置换（MVR）--mitral valve replacement[?maitr?l v?lv ri?pleism?nt] 主动脉瓣置换（AVR）--aortic valve replacement 双瓣膜置换（DVR/BVR）--Double valve replacement/bivalve replacement 三尖瓣成形（TVP）--tricuspid valvuloplasty[trai?k?spid ?v?lvj?l??pl?sti:] 常见先天性心脏病 一、房间隔缺损（atrial septal defect ASD） 二、室间隔缺损 （ventricular septal defect, VSD） 三、动脉导管未闭 （patent ductus arteriosus ,PDA） 四、法洛四联症（Tetralogy of Fallo，TOF） 室间隔缺损 肺动脉狭窄 主动脉骑跨 右心室肥厚 五、肺动脉瓣狭窄（pulmonary stenosis，PS） 冠心病（coronary heart disease，CHD） 冠状动脉旁路移植术（Coronary artery bypass grafting，CABG） 主动脉夹层（dissection of aorta） 治疗 Thanks for your attention ! 心脏heart位于胸腔的纵隔内，膈肌中心腱的上方，夹在两侧胸膜囊之间。 The heart is suspended within the thorax by arteries and veins. Two thirds of the heart is located to the left of the mid-sternal line while one third lies to the right of the sternum. The base is located at the 2nd-3rd intercostal space while the apex is located at the 5th intercostal space. The base is tilted backwards (posterior), while the apex is tilted forward (anterior). Due to forward tilt - PMI (point of maximal impulse) is located at the apex. “Right and left” references the patient’s right or left side. RA receives unoxygena