《人间词话》诗词审美平议-高雄师范大学.PDFVIP

《人間詞話》詩詞審美平議─「詩之境闊，詞之言長」 235 國 立 高 雄 師 範 大 學 高雄師大學報 2004,16,235-254 《人間詞話》詩詞審美平議─ 「詩之境闊，詞之言長」 蘇珊玉 ] 摘要 異中見同，同中更見異，是人文教育進步的必要條件。詩詞之辨，王國維所述 最稱精審，他在《人間詞話•刪稿十二》中說：「詞之為體，要眇宜修，能言詩之 所不能言，而不能盡言詩之所能言。詩之境闊，詞之言長。」易言之，詩有詩的境 界，詞有詞的境界。進一步就《人間詞話》之詩、詞摘例而觀，二者的審美特徵， 既可互觀，又有區別。近代學者繆鉞先生，在《詩詞散論•論詞》中則指出：「詩 顯而詞隱，詩直而詞婉，詩有時直言而詞更多比興。」此外，葉嘉瑩教授在《中國 詞學的現代觀》，也有相關闡述。不過，詩與詞在表達方面，為何有如此差別？在 審美「境界」中是否可以會通？抑或區隔？本文乃從王氏《人間詞話》之有關論述， 來彰顯詩、詞「境界」異質，既可互通又有區別的審美價值。 關鍵字：王國維，人間詞話，詩詞，審美，境界 ]國立高雄師範大學國文學系副教授 236 高雄師大學報 第十六期 Appreciation of the Beauty of Poetry — The Width of Poetry and the Length of Lyric Shan-Yu Su] Abstract To see similarities in differences and to see differences in similarities are the necessary steps towards humanity education. Wang Guo-wei is the one who demonstrates this idea most deliberately. In the book “Ren-jian-cih-hua,” abridged Volume 12”, he stated that “The body of lyric must be concise and precise, must say what poetry cannot say, and must not explain what poetry can say. Poetry is for width and lyric is for length.” In other words, poetry has its own state and lyric has its own aura. Take the poetry and lyric in Ren-jian-cih-hua for example. The characteristic beauties of these two genres have something in common and also something different. The recent scholar, Mr. Mo-ye, in the book “The Discussion of Poetry and Lyric— the Discussion of Lyric ,” points out that poetry is overt while lyric is covert, that poetry is straight while lyric