商务合同基本知识.ppt

商务合同的基本知识 Chapter 1 Contract and Its Formation 一、Definition and Style（概念及文体） 二、Commercial Contract International Commercial Contract（商务合同和国际 商务合同） 三、Formation of Contract（合同构成的要 件） 一、Definition and Style（概念及文体） 1. Definition（概念） 2. Style（文体） 1. Definition 虽然国内外对合同的定义各不相同，但都有一个共同点：A contract is an agreement, which legally binds the parties concerned。比如，99年中国《合同法》规定，Contacts referred to in this Law are agreements establishing, modifying and terminating the civil rights and obligations between subjects of equal footing, that is, between natural persons, legal persons or other organizations。 在由Steven H. Gifts编著的“Law Dictionary”中，contract被定义为 “a promise, or a set of promises, for breach of which the law gives remedy, or the performance of the which the law in some way recognize as a duty.” 根据这一定义，合同是一种承诺，违反承诺可以得到法律救助，在某种意义上，法律将履行该承诺看作是一种补偿。综上可见，合同是平等主体之间设立的确定民事权利和义务的法律协议。 2.Style 　　 通常所谓的“文体（style）”是指人们运用语言时，总是根据一定的交际内容、交际目的和交际场合，来选取一定的表达形式，即所谓的语言风格；这种风格，既要适应交际对象，又受到特定语言环境的制约。根据美国语言学家Martin Joos（1962）年的分类，合同英语属于庄重文体（the frozen style），是各种英语文体中正式程度最高的一种。总体来说，这种正式性体现在内容的专业性、语言的严谨性和结构的完整性等方面。 二、Commercial Contract International  Commercial Contract Commercial Contract for the Domestic Sales of Goods(国内货物销售合同) 2. Commercial Contract for the International Sales of Goods(国际货物销售合同) 3. Relevant Transport Document （运输单据） 4. Payment for the Goods（货款的支付） Commercial Contract for the Domestic Sales of Goods A domestic sales of goods or services may create a commercial contract between enterprises, other organizations, or individuals in one country. 2. Commercial Contract for the International Sales of Goods A contract of international commerce between the parties coming from different countries may arise from an itnternational sales of goods or service. First, the buyer and the seller are normally located in different countries. Second, in case of goods, it must be complian