无机非金属材料(国外英语资料).docVIP

无机非金属材料(国外英语资料) Silicon. (1) existing form; Silicon ranks second in the earths crust, second only to silicon, and is a pro oxygen element, which in nature exists in all its common compounds, silicon and silicates Oxygen. compound form Silicon dioxide (2) atomic structure The number of nuclear charges of silicon is located in the third periodic group of the periodic table of elements It is not easy to lose electrons in the reaction, it is not easy to get the electronic, mainly forming quadrivalence compounds. Fourteen VI A (3) physical property There are two kinds of silicon crystals and one is crystal silicon A lustrous, brittle, solid structure similar to that of melting point, hardness, and brittleness, and is a good material (4) chemical properties Under normal temperature, the chemical properties of silicon are inert, and it is difficult to react with other substances except F2, hydrofluoric acid and strong alkali. The chemical equation for the reaction of silicon with NaOH is Amorphous dark gray There is metal There is metal high large Semiconductor Si2NaOHH2O===Na2SiO32H2 increases. When heating, the reaction between silicon and nonmetal elements such as O2 and Cl2. The chemical equation of reaction between silicon and O2 is (5) industrial law Industrial coke is reduced to SiO2 in the electric furnace to obtain coarse silicon containing a small amount of impurities After purification of crude silicon, high purity silicon can be obtained (6) main uses Silicon can be used to make transistors, integrated circuits, solar cells, silicon rectifiers, etc., in addition, the use of silicon alloy more widely, can be used as transformers, iron core, acid resistant equipment 2. silica (1) form of existence; The natural forms of SiO2 are crystalline and amorphous, collectively The main ingredients are SiO2. (2) structure The basic structural units of the a.SiO2 crystal, shown below, are tetrahedral structures Silica, quartz, crystal In the B. crystal, each Si atom has an o