双语生理学模拟习题.docVIP

四川大学期末考试试题 I. Explain the following terms (24 points, 3 for each) 1. action potential ： A rapid, reversible and conductible fluctuation of the membrane potential of cell when stimulated. ?2. gastrointestinal hormones: Biologically active polypeptides secreted by the endocrine cells in gastrointestinal tract which influence the motility and secretion of gastrointestinal tract. ?3. cardiac cycle: The period from the beginning of heart contraction to the beginning of next is called a cardiac cycle (consisting of a period of contraction called systole followed by a period of relaxation called diastole). ?4. visual acuity: The smallest image on the retina distinguished by the human eyes. 5. thermal equivalent of food: The amount of energy liberated by oxidation or combustion of 1g of food. ?6. pulmonary ventilation: The process that O2 and CO2 move into and out of the lung by the respiratory tract. ?7. blood types: Types of specific antigens expressed on blood cells ?8. reflex: The regular response made by the body to stimulation under control of central nervous system. ?II. Fill in the blanks (22 points, 1 for each) 1. In the automatic control system, the controlled part send (feedback signal) to controlling system to adjust its previous activities. 2. For skeletal muscle cell, the ion with the highest permeability at rest which makes greatest contribution to the resting potential is（ K+） . 3. In transmission of excitation at neuromuscular junction, the Ca 2+ uptake of prejunctinal terminal causes （ACh release）. 4. The digestion of proteins begins at （stomach）. 5. One of the properties of contraction of the myocardium is that the atria or ventricle contracts as a functional（syncytium）. 6. The ratio of the stroke volume to the ventricular end-diastolic volume is called （ejection fraction ）. 7. The norepinephrine in the circulating blood mainly comes from （adrenal medulla） and （adrenergic nervous terminals）. 8. The commmonly used method of measuring energy