开县井喷事故.pptx

The Chongqing H2S Disaster中国石油开县井喷灾难警示 On December 23, 2003, at 9:55 pm, the Luojia-16 gas well blew out. Four days later, 242 people were killed and over 9000 injured. Safety Moment by Peter Wang （Pin） 2 Accident occurred in China’s Sichuan Basin Luojia 16 well Gaoqiao township, Kaixian County The county has about 15 natural gas wells, with a population of 1.4 million people. 3 Geology Similar to Tengiz Leiyinpu Field An adjacent gas field in E. Sichuan Carboniferous, Permian, and Triassic carbonates Overpressured reservoir with up to 3% H2S Gas field had a storage capacity of 50 to 60 billion tons of natural gas 4 Before the accident According to Chinese industrial standards, a high-risk gas well like Luojia-16 should not have had residents within a radius of ½ kilometer. In this case, the nearest home was only 20 to 30 meters away. Villagers were barely aware of the H2S risks: “I’ve seen the drilling company working on the site in our village for five years, but nobody ever told me what danger it poses” Chinese have a long experience with gas production – first producing gas well was in Sichuan, 210 BC. Sichuan/Chongqing has the best equipment and technicians in China, and sent an expert well-fire fighting team to Kuwait in 1991. CNPC had introduced an international safety management system known as “HSE” not long before the accident. 5 Blow out The well blows out and releases a plume of natural gas and H2S 30 meters high. Safety officials were not informed until after 1½ hours. By this time the lethal gas was quickly spreading. Emergency workers lacked the proper safety equipment to enter the area. Most homes did not have telephones. There was no emergency warning system. Most residents were asleep. Tuesday 9:55 pm (First day) 6 Residents evacuate area Wednesday 4:00 pm (Second day) Residents evacuate the area Firefighter evacuates an elderly resident Safety workers could not immediately enter the worst areas due to lack of protective masks.