文化与影视1.ppt

Questions Why is the computer virus named as the TROJAN HORSE? Why are the Americans nickmaned as UNCLE SAM? What is the nickname for the British? Whats “入乡随俗” in English? Why is it expressed in such a way? We use A THORN IN ONES FLESH to indicate our hatred to somebody, but do you know the origin of this expression? Nowadays it is a fashion for people to GO DUTCH when dining together, but do you know why it is expressed in such a way? CHAPTER ONEGreek Culture I GREEK CULTURE 1.1The Historical Context ★Around 1200 B.C., a war was fought between Greece and Troy, ending in the destruction of Troy. ★Greek culture reached a high point of development in the 5th century B. C, and the century closed with a civil war between Athens and Sparta. ★In the second half of the 4th century B.C., all Greece was brought under the rule of Alexander, King of Macedon. ★In 146 B.C., the Romans conquered Greece. 1.2 Social and Political Structure ★Athens was a democracy, which means exercise of power by the whole people, but the whole people only refer to the adult male citizens. ★The economy of Athens rested on an immense amount of slave labor. ★The Greeks loved sports. Once every 4 years they had a big festival on Olympus Mount which included contents of sports. Thus began the Olympic Games. The Games was revived in 1896, and it has become the world’s foremost amateur sports competition. 1.3 Homer Living around 700 B.C., Homer is considered to be the author of the great epics of Ancient Greece—Iliad and Odyssey. ★Iliad deals with the alliance of the states of the southern mainland of Greece, led by Agamemnon in their war against the city of Troy. The heroes are Hector on the Trojan side and Achilles and Odysseus on the Greek. In the final battle, Hector was killed by Achilles and Troy was sacked and burned by the Greeks. ★Idioms related to Iliad ◆Golden Apple 在希腊一位国王的婚礼上，邀请了很多神，唯独争吵女神没有被邀请。她很生气，便抛出一个金苹果，上面写“给最美丽者”。雅典娜，阿佛洛狄德和赫拉都宣称自己应该获得这个苹果。最后她们请求特洛伊王子帕里斯裁决。三个女神都贿