物流专业英语全.ppt

It is particularly useful multi-echelon distribution structures to counter the problems of requirements occurring as large chunks of demand. 尤其适用于多级分销系统应对需求急剧增加的情况。 Inventory planning for retailing In recent years power within most supply chain for consumer products has lain very firmly in the hands of retailers rather than manufacturers. 近年来，许多消费型产品供应链的控制权被牢牢地掌握在零售商而不是供应商手中。 If anything, this power has continued to increase even further, although it will be interesting to see what impact the development of Internet and home shopping has in this direction. 不管怎样，这种控制在今后会继续增强，尽管人们发现因特网及家庭购物（电子商务）对其所产生的影响。 Some retailers have tended to outsource their distribution and logistics activities although this continues to be the case, retailers are now taking a much closer interest in the impact an effective logistics operation can have on their overall service offering and consequent company profitability. 但是，零售商们倾向于将物流活动外包，尽管这些零售商正在并将继续密切关注有效地物流运作对其所提供的整体服务及紧密相关的公司利润的影响。 The main planning techniques Vendor- managed inventory (VMI) Continuous replenishment (CRP) Quick response （QR） Efficient consumer response (ECR) Vendor- managed inventory (VMI). This is where the manufacturer is given the responsibility for monitoring and controlling inventory levels at the retailer’s depot and in some instances at the retail stores level as well. 供应商管理用户库存是指生产企业有责任对零售商的配送中心有时是零售商仓库的库存水平进行监督和控制。 Specific inventory targets are agreed and it is the responsibility of the manufacturer to ensure that suitable inventory is always available. 具体的库存目标是一致的，生产企业有责任确保一直持有适当的库存。 The main advantages for retailers lie in the reduction of operating costs and also the delay in payment for the products in question. VMI对零售最主要的优点在于降低运营成本，并且减少支付所订购产品费用的时间延误。 For manufacturer it is suggested that running a VMI system for a retailer provides the opportunity to develop a much closer, and hopefully more binding, relationship with the retailer as well as giving a much better visibility of real d