人机工程资料-Ergonomics1.pptVIP

Lifting Techniques Injuries that occur to backs Strains and sprains Ruptured or slipped disks Chronic tension and stress Other forms of back pain Injuries that occur to backs Some injuries require surgery Some injuries lead to permanent disability Back injuries can limit activities on and off the job Correct lifting posture Bend knees Center body over the load Lift straight up Never twist or turn when lifting Adds strain to back’s disks, muscles, ligaments, tendons Plan your lift to avoid awkward positions Set load down if you’re losing your grip Never twist or turn when lifting Don’t twist and turn or juggle load to regain grip Keep back as straight as possible Carrying the load Ensure a clear path Ensure a place where load can be set down Check for stability of load Can you get a good grip? Carrying the load Is the load too heavy for one person? Follow lifting weight restrictions Test the weight by carefully pushing load, or lifting one corner Carrying the load Get help if load is too heavy - lift at the same time to keep load balanced Use mechanical equipment if load is too heavy Lowering the load Bend the knees Slowly lower it; do not drop the load Avoid sudden movements Lowering the load Bend knees to let leg muscles support the weight Lower the load at the same time if working with a partner Pushing versus pulling a load Pushing a load is easier on the back Pushing a load is easier to control Plan ahead Avoid using lower rack for moderately heavy to heavy items, or awkward items Get help when lifting heavy, awkward, or long items Plan ahead Size up the load: can it be split into multiple loads? smaller loads cause less strain on the back Plan ahead Use material handling equipment if load is too heavy forklifts hoists dollies Other factors in back injuries Age of employee Improper postures when sleeping, standing, sitting Physical condition of employee Repetitive motions * * Basic rules of good lifting