山东财经大学chaptertwo汉译英词语的翻译1.pptVIP

第二章 词汇的翻译;;;;2.1. 英汉词汇对比;2.1.1.词类系统;2.1.2.用词倾向;1. 英语中名词、介词和形容词用得多;2. 汉语中动词和量词用得多;3.英语的替代、省略vs. 汉语的重复;2.1.3.词义关系;完全对等;部分对等;;无对等;;裸官 An official alone at home with his or her family members emigrated abroad 月光族 Referring to a group of young people who make both ends meet each month 啃老族 Who live off their parents 耄耋之年 Referring to the age from eighty to ninety;一词多义;人家;送;;考察;;轻重;2.2.词汇的选择;”假朋友“，这一概念源于法语，最初是指拼法与英语相同但含义不同的法语词汇。在汉语与英语之间也存在这种词性结构相似但词义相左的“假朋友”，翻译时应特别注意，不要落入陷阱。;;; 2.2.2 正确理解原文，根据上下文选择词汇;意思;问题;说;老;（4）芹菜不收就老了 The celery will be overgrown if we dont pick (harvest) it now. （5）青菜不要炒得太老了。 Dont overcook the greens. （6）这件衣服颜色太老了 The jacket is too dark. （7）老没见到你啊！ I haven’t seen you for ages(a long time). （8）他住院时，还老惦记着他们实验室工作的进展情况。 He was always thinking of the progress of the work in his laboratory even when he was in hospital. (hospitalized);;;;解放后，政府提倡自由恋爱。 After liberation, the government advocates free love. After liberation, the government advocates the freedom to choose one’s spouse. 我们能否谈得来？ Can we talk with each other? I’d like to know whether we can get along well. ;温哥华的辉煌是温哥华人的智慧和勤奋的结晶，其中也包括多民族的贡献。(1999年专八汉译英) The glory of Vancouver is the crystallization of the wisdom and diligence of the people of Vancouver, including the contributions of many ethnic groups. (of ideas, plans, etc.) become clear and definite. The prosperity of Vancouver is the fruit/result of the wisdom and diligence/industry of its people, including many ethnic groups who have made their respective contribution. The prosperity … should be attributed to…;2.2.3 词义的广与狭;农业是国民经济的基础。（广义） Agriculture is the foundation of the national economy. 农、林、牧、副、渔互相结合的方针，（狭义，farming） The principle of combining farming, forestry, animal husbandry, side-occupations and fishery 他从不喝酒。（广义，任何酒） He never touches wine. 他不喝烈性酒。（狭义） He doesn’t drink spirits.;2.2.4 词义的褒与贬;;这位导演别具匠心，在剧中安排了一场演员走到观众当中的戏。 The director showed his ingenuity by arranging a scene in which the actors went into the audience of the play. 这