曼昆经济学原理 第二章 ppt.ppt

Thinking Like An Economist 2 In this chapter, look for the answers to these questions: What are economists’ two roles? How do they differ? What are models? How do economists use them? What are the elements of the Circular-Flow Diagram? What concepts does the diagram illustrate? How is the Production Possibilities Frontier related to opportunity cost? What other concepts does it illustrate? What is the difference between microeconomics and macroeconomics? Between positive and normative? A C T I V E L E A R N I N G 1 Points off the PPF A. On the graph, find the point that represents (100 computers, 3000 tons of wheat), label it F. Would it be possible for the economy to produce this combination of the two goods?Why or why not? B. Next, find the point that represents (300 computers, 3500 tons of wheat), label it G. Would it be possible for the economy to produce this combination of the two goods? A C T I V E L E A R N I N G 1 Answers A C T I V E L E A R N I N G 1 Answers A C T I V E L E A R N I N G 2 PPF and Opportunity Cost A C T I V E L E A R N I N G 2 Answers A C T I V E L E A R N I N G 3 Identifying positive vs. normative A C T I V E L E A R N I N G 3 Answers A C T I V E L E A R N I N G 3 Answers CHAPTER SUMMARY As scientists, economists try to explain the world using models with appropriate assumptions. Two simple models are the Circular-Flow Diagram and the Production Possibilities Frontier. Microeconomics studies the behavior of consumers and firms, and their interactions in markets. Macroeconomics studies the economy as a whole. As policy advisers, economists offer advice on how to improve the world. * * * * * This FYI lists people who studied economics in college. It is a fun way to lighten up the lecture. On the other hand, if you’re running short on time, this is a good candidate to skip – students will readily find it when they read the chapter. (Due to space limitations, this slide omits a