材料和氧的兼容性.ppt

Properties Hazards of Oxygen氧的性质和危险 Oxygen is essential to the maintenance of life 氧是维持生命的基本要素 Oxygen is essential for combustion 氧是燃烧的基本要素 Oxygen is a reactive gas which will form oxides with most elements. 氧可同大多数元素反应生成氧化物 the ability of a material to coexist with both oxygen and a potential source(s) of ignition 一种材料同氧和潜在的点火源之间共存的能力。 Properties Hazards of Oxygen 氧的性质和危险 What are the hazards ? Oxygen enhances burning of materials 氧加强材料的燃烧 the material burns more aggressively 材料更剧烈地燃烧 the fire cannot be extinguished 火不能扑灭 All materials burn in oxygen except ceramics, gold and silver 除陶瓷、金和银之外，所有材料在氧中都会燃烧。 The energy required to start an ignition can be very small 材料点燃所需要的能量可以非常小。 Oxygen enrichment gives no warning 氧富集无任何先兆。 Why is oxygen compatibility important?氧相容性的重要性？ Why is oxygen compatibility important?氧相容性的重要性？ Hazards of oxygen 氧的危险 So Where do Oxygen Hazards Exist ? 氧的危险存在于： In pressurised systems containing oxygen含有氧的压力系统中 In atmospheric air enriched with oxygen 空气中的富氧气氛中 Hazards of oxygen in air 空气中氧的危险 Hazards of oxygen 氧的危险 Where Do You Find Oxygen Enrichment ?什么地方容易产生富氧？ Oxygen enrichment hazards in air must be considered at oxygen percentages of 25% and above. 氧含量达25%以上必须考虑富氧的危险 Oxygen is denser than air and so can collect in pits, ducts, trenches, etc. 氧较空气重，因而可能聚集在 坑、洞及沟渠等处。 Oxygen Enrichment富氧气氛 VIE/Tanker Slope 储罐/槽车/坡度 a liquid oxygen release occurred during vessel filling 储罐充装时发生液氧泄漏。 liquid oxygen can travel long distances down inclines because it is very dense 由于比重大，液氧可沿坡度向下流动到远处。 a car caught fire but the occupants escaped 汽车起火，人员来不及逃走。 Oxygen Enrichment 富氧气氛Car fire in Oxygen Enriched Cloud 1989 1989年/富氧气雾中汽车起火 Claymont plant, Ohio 某工厂 defective and undersized liquid disposal system 废液排放设施容量不足并有缺陷。 large cloud of oxygen enriched air formed 形成大量富氧气雾。 car drove into cloud 汽车进入气雾，突然爆发大火。 car burst into flames driver had narrow escape 司机勉强逃生。 Managing Risks in Oxygen Systems氧系统的风险管理 Careful selection of system materials - avoid