泛读 Ecology.pptVIP

Ecology What is Ecology Ecology is the study of the interactions between organisms and their environment. The environment is a combination of the physical environment ( temperature, water availability,etc.) and any influence on an organism exerted by other organisms - the biotic environment. The word ecology is generally believed to have been coined by Ernst Hacekel(恩斯特.海克尔), who used and defined it in 1869. The historical roots of ecology lie not only in natural history, but in physiology, oceanography and evolution as well. It has occasionally been called scientific natural history. Humanity, Society and Ecology Human impact on the environment for the perceived benefit of humanity while at the same time the myriad of processes in nature have been optimized and are continually adjusted by evolution. Humanity doesnt just evolve biologically, as other species do, but also develops itself through history. The history of ecology is generally spoken of as a new science, having only become prominent in the second half of the 20th century. Knowledge of homo sapienss biological characteristics doesnt help us to understand any particular problem in the relationship between humanity and nature. capitalist environmental crisis Have?you?ever?heard?of?the?nuclear?leak?occurred?in?Fukushima?in?the?year?of?2011;?have?you?ever?seen?the?video?material?of?the?explosion?of?the?atomic?bomb?in?Hiroshima??Both?of?the?international?shocked?events?were?taken?place?in?Japan.?Once?something?miserable?like?this?happened.?There?must?be?a?voice?that?human?civilization?has?made?too?much?impact?on?the?earth?itself.?However,?compared?with?financial?crisis,?most?nations?pay?much?less?attention?on?the?environmental?crisis?like?global?warming,?water?pollution,?air?pollution?and?radiation?pollution.?And?it‘s?absolutely?wrong. Environmental pollution has been for a long time. In the early fourteenth Century, the British came to the attention of the soot pollution. For the rise of the Industrial Revo