电力系统概述.pptVIP

2007-4-9 电力系统概述 * GDP in billions of U.S. dollars, 2007-4-9 电力系统概述 * Percentage share of electricity in total energy consumption. 2007-4-9 电力系统概述 * The installed generation capacity in China has reached 440.7 GW at the end of 2004, with annual production of 2,187 trillion Wh, making it the second highest in the world. At present, about 75% of generation is from thermal power plants, 25% from hydro power plants, and a very small percentage (0.4%) from nuclear. Figure 3 depicts the trend in annual installed generation capacity and production since 1980. 2007-4-9 电力系统概述 * Total installed generation capacity in GW (read columns) and annual electricity production in 10 trillion Wh (blue columns) 2007-4-9 电力系统概述 * However, it lags far behind in terms of per capita electricity consumption. Indeed, with roughly 1,000 kWh per capita per annum, China is still in the category of a developing country. 2007-4-9 电力系统概述 * Challenges in Electricity Supply Per capita annual electricity consumption in China today is roughly 1,000 kWh, compared with more than 5,000 kWh in Hong Kong and over 12,000 kWh in the United States. The number will definitely rise as China’s economy continues to grow and people’s standard of living further improves. Some forecasts put the installed generating capacity at a level of 950 to 1,000 GW by the year 2020, or 250% of today. 2007-4-9 电力系统概述 * The government’s diversification plan calls for a reduction in the dependency on coal generation, which has a significant adverse environmental impact, from 75% today to 65% by 2020, upholding hydro generation at around the present percentage level and increasing more environmentally benign gas generation to 6%, nuclear to 3–4%, and renewables to 2%. 2007-4-9 电力系统概述 * China is endowed with large hydro potential; it is estimated that the exploitable hydro capacity is 378 GW, ranked first in the world. The government has an aggressive plan to develop hydro generation from the present