美国文学与文化-2.ppt

American Literature and culture Colonial period (about1607—1765) Early Historical Background: 1) Columbus found the new world in a voyage of 1492. 2) The early 1600s witnessed the beginning of a great tide of emigration from Europe to North America. 3) The first permanent English settlement in North America at James town, Virginia in 1607. 4) In November 9, 1620, 102 passengers sailed on the ship “Mayflower” across the sea and settled on the new continent “New England”. 5) In 1621, the puritans established the Plymouth colony (Massachusetts). People Indians were native inhabitants (aborigines). Americans are mainly immigrants mostly from Europe, esp. puritans from England. People of America (Puritans) The first settlers who became the founding fathers of the American nation were quite a few of them Puritans. Those Puritans were people who wanted to reform the Church of England (英国国教) but later were persecuted(迫害) by English government and church. They were called Puritans because they aimed to purify(净化) the church of Protestantism. People of America They were a group of serious, religious people, advocating highly religious and moral principles. They carried with them to America a code of values, a philosophy of life (生活哲理), a point of view which, in time, took root in the New World and became what is popularly known as American Puritanism. Why did Puritans come to America? to escape religious persecution to reform the Church of England to have an entirely new church Puritanism Puritanism was a religious reform movement that arose within the Church of England(英国国教) in the late 16th century. Under siege from church and crown, it sent an offshoot (分支) in the third and fourth decades of the seventeenth century to the northern English colonies in the New World– a migration that laid the foundation for the religious, intellectual and social order of New England. 清教主义 清教