英语论文写作--summary.ppt

The Summary and Book Report Part Six The Summary 1. Definiton What is summary? A summary is a shortened or condensed version, in your own words, of the article you have read. Although wrirtten in your own words, the summary dose not include your own opnions about what you have read. A summary is intended to highlight objectively the main points of another writers work. 2. Uses of summary writing Improve reading comprehension Helps composition writing Practical uses Why should we summarize? An important writing skill: to summarize your own research work; A valuable learning tool: to pick out the most essential idea of the work of someone else. 3. What is a good summary? A summary must be comprehensive;(全面) A summary must be concise;(简练) A summary must be coherent;(连贯) A summary must be independent.(独立) 3.1 Comprehensiveness You should isolate all the important points in the original passage and note them down in a list. Review all the ideas on your list, and include in your summary all the ones that are indispensible to the authors development of his/her thesis (or main points) be indispensible to: 不可或缺的；必需 3.2 Conciseness Eliminate repititons on your list, even if the author restates the same points. Your summary should be considerably shorter than the source. You are hoping to create an overview; therefore, you need not include every repitition of a point or every supporting detail. 3.3 Coherence It should make sense as a piece of writing in its own right; It should not merely be taken directly from your list of notes or sound or seem like a list of sentences that are strung together in paragraph or essay format. string(strung)：线，弦，细绳；一串，一行 3.4 Independence You are not being asked to imitate the auhtor whom you are writing about. On the contrary, you are expected to maitain your own voice through out the summary. Do not symply quote the author; instead use your own words to express your own understanding of what you have read. Your summary is based