范里安经济学(ppt1).pptVIP

Pareto Efficiency举例 Jill has an apartment; Jack does not. Jill values the apartment at $200; Jack would pay $400 for it. Jill could sublet the apartment to Jack for $300. Both gain, so it was Pareto inefficient for Jill to have the apartment. Criterion for Pareto Efficiency A Pareto inefficient outcome means there remain unrealized mutual （共有的）gains-to-trade.帕累托无效率意味着还有没有实现的共有的交易所得（福利） Any market outcome that achieves all possible gains-to-trade must be Pareto efficient.任何市场实现的交易所得应该是所有的可能的交易所得 Pareto Efficiency Competitive equilibrium:完全竞争 all close apartment renters value them at the market