第七章《数据库》.pptx

计算机专业英语; Ideally, a database language must enable us to create the database and table structures; 理想地，一个数据库语言必须使我们能够创建数据库和表结构 it must enable us to perform basic data-management chores (add, delete, and modify data); 它必须使我们能够执行一些基本的日常数据管理工作（添加、删除和修改数据）； and it must enable us to perform complex queries designed to transform the raw data into useful information. 并且它必须使我们能够执行设计来把原始数据变换成有用信息的复杂查询。; Moreover, it must perform such basic functions with minimal user effort, and its command structure and syntax must be easy to learn. 此外，它必须让用户以最小的努力来完成这样一些基本功能，而且它的命令结构和语法必须是易于学习的。 Finally, it must be portable; that is, it must conform to some basic standard so that we do not have to learn from scratch when we move from one RDBMS to another. 最后，它必须是可移植的，亦即，它必须与某个基本标准一致，以致当从一个RDBMS改变为另一个时不必要从头开始学习。; SQL meets these ideal database language requirements well. SQL很好地满足这些理想化的数据库语言需求。 First, SQL coverage fits into three categories: 首先，SQL覆盖范围归入三个范畴： 1. Data definition creates the database and its table structures. 数据定义创建数据库及其表结构。 2. Data management uses a set of commands to enter, correct, delete, and update data within the database tables. 数据管理使用一组命令来对数据库表内的数据进行键入、校正、删除和更新。; 3. Data query uses a set of commands to explore the database contents and allows the user to convert the raw data into useful information. 数据查询使用一组命令来探索数据库内容并使得用户能把原始数据转换成有用信息。 Second, SQL is relatively easy to learn: It performs the required database functions by using a basic vocabulary of about thirty commands. 其次，SQL是相对容易学的：它通过使用由大约30个命令组成的基本词汇表来执行所需的数据库功能。; Better yet, SQL is a nonprocedural language: You merely have to command what is to be done; you dont have to worry about how it is to be done. 还要好地，SQL是一个非过程式语言：你必须做的仅仅是发出要做什么的命令；不必操心它是如何做的。 Finally, the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) does prescribe a standard SQL. 最后，美国国家标准协会（ANSI）规定了一个标准SQL。 Never mind that the ANSI standard is so limit