语法：非谓语.ppt

一、非谓语动词的各种形式 (以 do 为例) 类别 态 式 一般式 完成式 进行式 完成进行式 主动 不定式 被动 主动 -ing式 被动 主动 -ed式 被动 to do to have done to be doing to have been doing to be done to have been done doing having done being done having been done done 二、非谓语动词的否定形式： (一). 不定式: not / never +不定式 1.他决定不去那里。 2.他答应永不再讲假话。 3.很遗憾没有早点告诉你这事。 He decided not to go there. He promised never to tell a lie again. I am sorry not to have told you about this earlier. 4.他假装没有被告知这一切。 5.明天不能和你去旅游我很伤心。 He pretended _________________ ______ all about this. I am sad _____________________ with you tomorrow. not to have been told not to be traveling (二). – ing式 : not / no + - ing 式 1. ___________ (not know) the word, he referred to the dictionary. 2. You had no excuse for __________________ (not help) us. 3. ____________________ (not tell) when to start, he came late. 4.There is no telling whether he will win. 说不准他是否会赢。 5. No smoking ( is allowed ). Not knowing not having helped Not having been told (三). –ed式: not + –ed式 1. ___________ (not allow) to bring children, she had to go to the exhibition without them. 2. ___________ (not please), he went out without saying a word. 3. She found the job ____________ (not finish) on time. Not allowed Not pleased not finished 三、非谓语动词的复合结构： (一). 不定式: for/of sb. to do sth. 1.你做这项工作很容易。 2.他认为他学俄语很必要。 3.我们不帮助你将是一个过错。 It is easy for you to do the job. He considers it necessary for him to learn Russian. It will be a mistake for us not to help you. 4.他偷东西是错误的。 5.你出这样的错误真是粗心。 It is wrong of him to steal. It is careless of you to make such a mistake. (二). -ing式: sb.’s / sb.+ doing 1.汤姆回家晚了让他母亲很担心。 2.你早点出发是明智的。 3.我们和你争吵是没有用的。 4.我在这里吸烟你介意吗？ Tom’s coming home late worried his mother. Your leaving early is wise. It’s no use of our arguing with him. Do you mind my smoking here? 属于介词而不是不定式符号的 to ： 1. admit to 承认 2. apply to 适用于 3