中学(国外英语资料).doc

中学 A review of basic chemistry in Universities ------------------------------------ The main content of the course 1. basic principles of Chemistry Thermochemical Chemical equilibrium Rate of chemical reaction 2. principles and applications of chemical equilibrium Acid-base balance and acid-base titration Precipitation balance Redox equilibria and titrations Coordination and complexometric titration 3. material structure Atomic structure Molecular structure 4. element chemistry Properties of nonmetallic elements and compounds Properties of transition elements and compounds ---------------------------------------- Basic exam questions Judgment questions, choice questions, filling questions and calculation questions The first chapter focuses on the content of thermochemistry: State and state functions Calculation Watch out: 1, thermodynamic standard state: at P theta (101325Pa) pressure, ideal gas, liquid and solid pure substance, 1mol * L-1 concentration solution. 2, when understanding, the most stable single element means: C (graphite), Cl2 (g), Br2 (L), I2 (s), etc.. 3, 1) law: Thermochemical equations are added and reduced, and corresponding reductions are also added. For example 1 and 298.15K, the standard molar enthalpy of formation of NaCl (s) is -770.8kJ, mol-1 due to Na+ (g), +Cl- (g) - NaCl (s) = -770.8kJ, mol-1?. (x) Standard molar enthalpy of reaction: the enthalpy of formation of 1mol compounds from the most stable elements. In this case, Na+ (g) +Cl- (g) is not the most stable single substance. Example 2. The reaction Na2O (s) + I2 (g) - 2NaI (s) + O2 (g) is (C) (A) 2 (NaI, s) - (Na2O, s) (B) (NaI, s) - (Na2O, s) - (I2, g) (C) 2 (NaI, s) - (Na2O, s) - (I2, g) (D) (NaI, s) - (Na2O, s) Example 3, known Zn (s) + O2 (g) = ZnO (s), 1=, -351.5, kJ, mol-1 (1) Hg (L) + O2 (g) = HgO (s), 2=-90.8, kJ, mol-1 (2) Zn (s) + HgO (s) = ZnO (s) + Hg (L) (3) 3 = -260.7, kJ, mol-1 Solution: Dreams (3) = (1) - (2) R 3 = 1 - 2 = -351.5 + 90.8 =-260.7 kJ? Mol-1? The second ch