01刘红波-土木工程专业英语1.ppt

环境工程 这些工程师还估算并确定怎样加强边坡和填方以及怎样保护结构免遭地震和地下水的影响。他们也设计、修建和监督各项工程以控制或消除土地和空气污染。 Environmental Engineering These engineers build water and wastewater treatment plants, and design air scrubbers and other devices to minimize or eliminate air pollution caused by industrial processes, incineration, or other smoke-producing activities. They also work to control toxic and hazardous wastes through the construction of special dump sites or the neutralizing of toxic and hazardous substances. In addition, the engineers design and manage sanitary landfills to prevent pollution of surrounding land. 环境工程 这些工程师修建水厂和污水处理厂，设计空气净化器和其他设备以减少或消除由工业加工、焚烧或其他一些产生烟雾的行为导致的空气污染。他们也采取措施，通过修建专门的垃圾场或者进行有毒和有害物质的无害化处理来控制有毒有害废弃物 。此外，工程师们对垃圾填埋进行设计和处理以防止周围土地的污染。 Transportation Engineering Civil engineers working in this specialty build facilities to ensure safe and efficient movement of both people and goods. They specialize in designing and maintaining all types of transportation facilities, highways and streets, mass transit systems, railroads and airfields, ports and harbors. Transportation engineers apply technological knowledge as well as consideration of the economic, political, and social factors in designing each project. They work closely with urban planners, since the quality of the community is directly related to the quality of the transportation system. 运输工程 从事这一专业领域的土木工程师建造一些设施以确保人和物的安全和高效的运输。他们专门研究设计和维修所有类型的运输设施，公路和街道，公共交通系统，铁路和机场，港口及海港。 运输工程师在设计每一个工程的过程中，既要运用技术知识，也要考虑经济、政治和社会的因素。他们与城市规划者紧密配合，因为社区的质量直接与运输体系的质量相关。 Pipeline Engineering In this branch of civil engineering, engineers build pipelines and related facilities which transport liquids, gases, or solids ranging from coal slurries (mixed coal and water) and semiliquid wastes, to water, oil, and various types of highly combustible and noncombustible gases. 管道工程 在土木工程的这个分支里，工程师修建运输液体、气体或固体的管道和相关的设施，运输的物质范围从煤浆和半液体废料到水、石油和不同类型的高燃性和非燃性气体。 Pipeline Engineering The engineers determine pipeline design, the economic and environmental impact o