矿井水微絮体形成的分形特征及其在过滤中的应用研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 为深入探讨微絮体形成的有利条件，改进微絮凝深床过滤工艺参数，提高深层滤料含 污量，本课题以微污染矿井水中悬浮物为去除对象，采用聚合氯化铝(PAC)絮凝剂，分别 进行了混凝实验和微絮凝过滤实验；考察了投药量、水力条件、温度、原水浊度等条件变 化时，水中悬浮物的去除情况；通过捕捉微絮体成长过程中的形态变化，引入絮体分形理 论，阐述了微絮体形态的分形变化特征随外界影响因素变化的规律；同时以单个微絮体为 研究对象，阐述了其在整个工艺过程中的成长模式。 实验表明：在一定条件范围内，微絮体形成符合分形特征，其分形维数能够很好的反 应其形态的变化；通过对单个微絮体成长过滤模式的研究，提出了通过测量微絮体的分形 维数和粒径等参数，控制其开始过滤时间，从而提高整个工艺的除污效果；结合图像发现， 微量锰离子可使局部 PAC 微絮体呈方块形，并对絮凝起到协助作用。 关键词：微絮凝过滤；微絮体形成；分形；铁锰离子 - I - Abstract In this paper, two pieces of experiment were done respectively to remove the suspended particles in the micro-polluted mining water in order to explore slightly the favorable conditions for the formation of floc. It also aimed at improving micro-flocculation deep bed filtration process parameters and the amount of pollution of the depth filter. Both experiments, coagulation experiment and micro-flocculation filtration experiment, used PAC as the flocculant and examined the removal of suspended solids in water with the change of the dosage, water conditions, temperature, turbidity of the water conditions and so on. Besides, through the pictures of the growing micro-flocs fractal theory was introduced to analyze and elaborate micro-flocs fractal variation with the variation of external factors. What’s more, it illustrated the entire mirco-flocs’ growing mode of the whole process by describing one single object. The results showed that the micro-flocs formed in line with fractal within a certain range of conditions. Besides, the fractal dimension can be a good response to changes in its shape. Through the study on growing mode of a single micro-floc, a way of controlling the filtration sta