矿井火灾过程中烟流参数变化规律数值模拟研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 本论文以分析火灾燃烧特征与火灾时期风流紊乱的原因为基础，采用 CFD 方法 对巷道火灾时期烟流性态的发展过程进行了三维瞬态数值模拟研究。 本论文首先分析了当巷道发生火灾后风流逆退和风流逆转的原因，并从理论上修 正了火区热阻力概念，从而推导出火区的阻力公式。论文分析了巷道火灾模拟的数 学模型，以有限体积法为基础，对该模型的控制微分方程进行了离散化处理。根据 数值模拟计算结果首先验证了本文所建火灾模型的合理性。随后对火区内速度场， 温度场的发展规律进行了数值分析。针对巷道发生火灾后，在火区附近，烟流会沿 着顶板逆着风流流动一段距离的现象，通过数值模拟，分析了入口端风速、火源热 释放速率、巷道当量直径对逆流层长度的影响，根据分析模拟结果得出了逆流层长 度的计算公式。 关键词：巷道火灾；火区阻力；节流效应；数值模拟；逆流层 - I - Abstract On the basis of analysis the combustion of mine fire and the reason of flow disorder within fire period, using three-dimensional transient numerical simulation on development process of fume behavior when fire occurs in tunnel using Computational Fluid Dynamics. Analysis the reason of airflow reversal when the tunnel occur fire firstly, then fix the concept of thermal drag theoretically and derivation the formula of fire resistance. The paper introduces mathematical model of tunnel fire simulation. The finite volume method was used to discrete the governing equations. The calculation result of numerical simulation indicates that the proposed fire model is reasonable. Then, the development law of temperature field, velocity field and temperature field of fire tunnel is analyzed. According to after a fire in tunnel ，nearby the fire area, the phenomenon of the smoke along the roof abandoned against air flow to a section of distance, through the simulation method, analysis of the factors which influence the length of countercurrent smoke layer, such as inlet velocity, fire heat release rate、equivalent diameter of tunnel . According to the results of analysis, we can get the calculation formula of the length of countercurrent smoke layer. Key Words ：tunnel fire; fire resistance; throttle effect; numerical simulation; fume refluence layer