第十三章 虱蚤.pptVIP

虱louse 体外永久性寄生虫。 寄生于人体的虱有人虱和耻阴虱。 人虱分为人体虱和人头虱两个亚种。 二、生活史与生态习性 三、传播疾病 流行性斑疹伤寒（高热、头痛、恶心、发狂、昏迷） 病原为普氏立克次氏体， 虱粪传播伤口，吸入虱粪 回归热（3-9天间断性高热、皮疹） 病原为俄拜氏疏螺旋体， 虱子破碎、体液污染伤口 四、防治 加强卫生宣教，注意个人卫生 灭虱措施：烫、冻、毒（20%百部酒精浸液或0.01%二氯苯醚菊酯） 蚤 Flea 寄生于恒温动物体表。 2000多种，我国454种，少数传播疾病， 如印鼠客蚤、致痒蚤、具带病蚤?鼠疫 犬栉首蚤、猫栉首蚤 ? 膜壳绦虫 三、与疾病的关系 骚扰吸血及寄生外，还可传播疾病：1、鼠疫 鼠疫杆菌2、鼠型斑疹伤寒 莫氏立克次氏体3、绦虫病 微小膜壳绦虫 缩小膜壳绦虫 犬膜壳绦虫 四、防制 1、10%---30 %百部+酒制成百部酊，杀灭成虫、若虫 2、灭虱香波 灭鼠 * * 人虱体狭长，背腹扁平。♀可达4.4mm，♂稍小。雄虱末端近似“V”形，雌虱末端呈“W”形。 头呈菱形，有触角一对。胸部三节愈合有足三对，各足胫节内侧的指状胫突与末端的爪相对，形成强有力的抓握器。 头虱较体虱略小，颜色稍深。 耻阴虱体形短而宽，呈蟹状。 一、形态 5—9天 蜕皮3次 1、寄生部位人头虱：头发 人体虱：贴身衣服的缝、褶 耻阴虱：阴毛、肛毛 2、与传病有关的习性 吸血特性； 对温度，湿度均敏感；爬行速度快。 卵——————若虫——————成虫 Head Lice - Nit Nits are head lice eggs.? They are hard to see and are often confused for dandruff or hair spray droplets.? Nits are laid by the adult female and are cemented at the base of the hair shaft nearest the scalp.? They are 0.8 mm by 0.3 mm, oval and usually yellow to white.? Nits take about 1 week to hatch (range 6 to 9 days).? Viable eggs are usually located within 6 mm of the scalp. ??????????????? [Last Modified: 11/20/2000 15:59:02 ] ???????????????????????????????????? [Pediculus humanus capitis] ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Head Lice -?nymph hatching through the operculum of an egg. The egg hatches releasing a nymph.? The nit shell then becomes a more visible dull yellow and remains attached to the hair shaft.? The nymph looks like an adult head louse, but is about the size of a pinhead.? Nymphs mature after three molts and become adults about 7 days after hatching. ? ??????????????? [Last Modified: 11/20/2000 15:59:02 ] ???????????????????????????????????? [Pediculus humanus capitis] ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? Head Lice -?nymph hatching through the operculum of an egg. The egg hatches releasing a nymph.? The nit shell the