动名词作主语、宾语和定语.docVIP

动名词作主语 [考点导航] It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. _______ the answers ready will be of great help. A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having 解析：答案为D。Having the answers ready是动名词在句中作主语的用法。 【重点归纳】 动名词是英语中动词的非谓语形式之一，起名词的作用，但是仍然保留动词的特性，可以有自己的宾语、状语等。 动名词作主语的主要用法如下： 1. 动名词直接放在句首作主语。如： Taking more exercise will keep you healthy. 2. 动名词在“It is no use (no good, fun, a waste of time) 等 + 动名词”结构中作主语，it为形式主语。如： It is no good writing to him; he never answers letters. 　 It is no use complaining; the company won’t do anything about it. 3. 动名词在“It is useless (nice, good, interesting, worthwhile) 等形容词 + doing”结构中作主 语。如： 　 It is good having a walk after supper. 4. 用于布告形式的省略结构中。如： 　 No smoking! (= No smoking is allowed!) 5. 动名词的复合结构作主语。如： 　 有时可以在动名词前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格，构成动名词的复合结构，此时，该所有格作动名词的逻辑主语。动名词的复合结构也可以在句中作主语。如： 　 Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us. 动名词作宾语 [考点导航] Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried ____alone, but she didn’t like it and moved back home. (2008湖南卷) A. living B. to live C. to be living D. having lived 解析：答案为A。本句考查动名词作宾语。try doing sth意为“试着做某事”。 【重点归纳】 动名词作宾语主要有以下用法： 1. 有些动词后面要求跟动名词作宾语。这样的动词有： 　 admit 承认；excuse 原谅；practise 练习；appreciate欣赏；finish 完成；prevent 防止； avoid 避免；forbid 禁止； consider 考虑； forgive 宽恕；delay 耽搁；imagine 想象；deny 否认；resist 抵制；risk 冒险；dislike 讨厌；mind 在意；dread 害怕； miss 错过； suggest 建议；enjoy 喜欢；escape 逃避；permit 允许。如： Will you admit breaking the window? 2. 有些动词短语后也要求跟动名词作宾语。这样的动词短语有： 　 can’t stand 忍不住；can’t help 忍不住；feel like 想，欲；give up 放弃；put off 推迟，等。如： 　 He put off making a decision till he had more information. 　 Do you feel like taking a walk?　 3. 动名词常跟在介词或介词短语后作宾语。这样的介词短语有：instead of, look forward to, object to (反对), keep on, see about (料理,处理), take to (开始从事)等。如： 　 We succeeded in getting over all the difficulties. We are looking forward to coming to China. 4. 在“have difficulty (trouble, problem, a hard time, fun, a go