多连杆后悬架KC性能的一种优化分析方法-刘红领.pdfVIP

多连杆后悬架KC 性能的一种优化分析方法 刘红领 孙礼 瞿元 张林波 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 安徽芜湖 241009 摘要：某车型调校过程中发现，其多连杆后悬架的侧向刚度、纵向刚度和制动前束变化等KC特性与设计目 标存在一定的差距，希望通过对相关硬点位置或衬套刚度等参数进行适当调整，来提高车辆的操纵性能。由 于该悬架为四连杆结构，影响KC性能的因素比较多，仅凭工程师的经验来调整硬点位置或衬套刚度需要的 时间比较长，而且效果也难于保证。为了解决上述问题，本文基于ADAMS/Car所建立的悬架模型，结合Opitmus 软件，对悬架的KC性能进行优化，提出改进建议。首先使用田口法对悬架的硬点及衬套参数进行筛选，挑 出敏感参数，作为优化分析的设计变量；然后基于自适应进化算法对相关KC特性进行优化分析，并根据实 际状况，提出适当的优化方案；最后将该方案在整车上实施，并再次进行KC试验。试验结果表明，通过虚 拟仿真优化分析给出的解决方案，改进效果明显，同时也显著缩短了调校的时间，保证了研发进度。 关键词：多连杆悬架 悬架KC 分析 田口法 自适应进化算法 An optimization analysis method for the KC performance of multi-link rear suspension Liu Hongling, Sun Li, Qu Yuan, Zhang Linbo Abstract: During the tuning process of a vehicle it is found that the KC performances of the multi-link rear suspension, such as suspension lateral stiffness, fore-aft stiffness and braking-toe change, do not satisfy the design objectives. Some parameters, such as locations of hard points or stiffness of bushings should be adjusted to improve the handling. Because of a four-bar linkage, many factors affect KC performances. It will be very costly to adjust the locations of hard points or stiffness of bushings by manual adjustment with experiences, and it is hard to ensure its effectiveness. To solve this problem, the software ADAMS/Car and Optimus are used to optimise the KC performances of suspension. Firstly, Taguchi Design is used to analyze the sensitivities of hard points and stiffness of bushings, and some sensitive parameters are chosen as design variables. Secondly, the KC performances are optimized using the self-adaptive evolution algorithm. Considering the practical situation, a reasonable solution is given, and implemented in the prototype vehicle to test KC performances again. The results show that the solutions from simulation and optimization can improve the performances significantly. The time of tuning is shortened remarkably