东南大学检测技术第2次实验.docx

东南大学自动化学院实 验 报 告课程名称：检测技术第 2 次实验实验名称：实验九、实验十二、实验十三院（系）：自动化专业：自动化姓名：学号：实验室：常州楼5楼实验组别：同组人员：实验时间：2016年12月02日评定成绩：审阅教师：目录实验九 电容式传感器的位移实验实验目的·······················································3基本原理·······················································3实验器材·······················································3实验步骤·······················································3实验数据处理···················································4思考题·························································5实验十二 电涡流传感器位移实验实验目的·······················································6基本原理·······················································6实验器材·······················································6实验步骤·······················································6实验数据处理···················································7思考题·························································9实验十三被测体材质、面积对电涡流传感器的特性影响实验实验目的·······················································10基本原理·······················································10实验器材·······················································10实验步骤一·····················································10实验步骤二·····················································10实验数据处理···················································11实验小结·······················································15实验九 电容式传感器的位移实验一、实验目的了解电容式传感器结构及其特点。二、基本原理利用电容 C＝εA／d 的关系式，通过相应的结构和测量电路，可以选择ε、A、d 三个参数中保持二个参数不变，而只改变其中一个参数，就可以组成测介质的性质（ε变）、测位移（d 变）和测距离、液位（A 变）等多种电容传感器。本实验采用的传感器为圆筒式变面积差动结构的电容式位移传感器，如图 3-6 所示：由二个圆筒和一个圆柱组成。设圆筒的半径为 R；圆柱的半径为 r；圆柱的长为 x，则电容量为 C=ε 2 πｘ／ln(R／r)。图中 C1、C2 是差动连接，当图中的圆柱产生?X 位移时，电容量的变化量为?C=C1－C2=ε 2 π2?X／ln(R／r)，式中 ε 2 π、ln(R／r)为常数，说明?C 与位移?X 成正比，配上配套测量电路就能测量位移。图 3-6 电容式位移传感器结构三、实验器材主机箱、电容传感器、电容传感器实验模板、测微头。图 3-7 电容传感器位移实验原理图四、实验步骤按图 3-8 将电容传感器装于电容传感器实验模板上，实验模板的输出Ｖo1 接主机箱电压表的Ｖin。将实验模板上的 Rw 调节到中间位置（方法：逆时针转到底再顺时传３圈）。将主机箱上的电压表量程（显示选择）开关打到２ｖ档，合上主机箱电源开关；旋转测微头改变电容传感器的动极板位置使电压表显示０ｖ ，再转动测微头（向同一个方向）5 圈，记录此时测微头读数和电压表显示值，此点为实验起点值；此后，反方向每转动测微头 1 圈即△Ｘ=０.５ｍｍ位移读取电压表读数，共转 10 圈读取相应的电压表读数（