Lesson17OilSeparator汇总.doc

Lesson 17 Oil Separator 第17课 分油机 1. To ensure good combustion in diesel engines and reduce wear and corrosion in the engine, it may be necessary to remove certain impurities from fuel and lubricating oil. When impurities are suspended solids or immiscible liquids, they can be removed reasonably successfully by one or more of a number of methods. The methods used at sea are: heating to allow separation of water present, coarse and fine filtering to remove solid particles and also centrifuging. Of these three methods centrifuging is the most widely used. 1.为确保柴油机的良好燃烧和减少磨损与腐蚀，需要去除燃油和滑油中的某些杂质。当杂质是悬浮固体或不溶性液体时，可以通过一种或多种方法将其相当成功地除掉。航行中常用的方法有:加热以分离出油中存在的水分，粗、细过滤以除去固体颗粒，以及离心分离。上述三种方法中，离心分离法应用最广。 2. For many years marine centrifuges were designed for batch operation, that is, the machines were run for a period during which solids accumulated in the bowl. The machine was stopped when the accumulated solids began to impair its performance and the solids were removed. Batch centrifuging is still commonly used especially for lubricating oil purification, but many machines capable of continuous or semi-continuous sludge discharge are now at sea. 2.多年以来，船用离心机一直设计为间歇操作式，即在离心机持续运行时间内，固体杂质存贮在分离筒内。当杂质积累到要削弱其性能时，离心机要停止工作，进行排渣。间歇式离心分离仍然被广泛使用，尤其是在滑油的净化方面，但是许多能够连续排渣或半连续排渣的离心机现在也在船上使用。 3. The centrifugal separator is used to separate two liquids, for example oil and water, or a liquid and solids as in contaminated oil. Separation is speeded up by the use of a centrifuge and can be arranged as a continuous process. Where a centrifuge is arranged to separate two liquids, it is known as a “purifier”. Where a centrifuge is arranged to separate impurities and small amounts of water from oil it is known as a “clarifier”. 3.离心式分离机用来分离两种液体，如油和水;或者用来分离液体和固体，如污油。使用分离机可加快分离速度，且可将分离安排成一个连续的过程。当分油机用来分离两种液体时，叫作“分水机”(见图17-1)。当分油机用来分离油中的杂质和少量水时，叫作“分杂机”。 4. A centrifuge consists of an electric motor drive to a vertical shaft on the top of which is mounted the bowl assembly. An outer framework surrounds t