国际经济法之国际贸易法 (2).ppt

Chapter One Introduction to International Trade Law A. Why Should You Study Law? B. Definitions of International Business Law C. Sources of International Commercial Law D. Comparison of Municipal Legal Systems A. Why should you study law?—The benefits from mastering the knonwledge and skills of law. In the domain of business, just as the pricing practices of competitors must be taken into account in formulating long- or short-term strategy, so must the legal environment of business be considered. 在商务活动中，制定长期或短期战略时，就像必须考虑竞争者的定价情况一样，法律环境必须加以考虑。 For example, in considering whether to entering a foreign market, a manager must determine whether contracts entered into in that nation can be enforced, whether intellectual property such as trade secrets, trademarks, and patents can be protected, and whether taxation and the threat of expropriation present intolerable risks. 例如，在考虑是否进入某外国市场是，管理者必须确认在这个国家，合同是否能够执行；商业秘密、商标、专利等知识财产是否受到保护；税收和财产征收的威胁是否处于不能接受的风险之中。 【 Case1 】Microsoft Corporation, a fabulously successful company in many ways, paid little attention to the antitrust laws in its early years. Because of that, it suffered several adverse judgments and spent tens of millions of dollars defending lawsuits. Yet IBM earns $1.5 billion per year in licensing revenue from its patents, trade secrets, and other forms of intellectual property. 【 案例1】 作为一家在很多方面都极为成功的公司，微软公司在其早期对反垄断法不太关注，因而遭到了几次不利的法庭审判，花去了上千万美元来应诉。而IBM公司每年通过发放专利、商业秘密以及其他形式的知识财产许可赚取了15亿美元。 In everyday life, the law is so pervasive that almost all human activity is affected by it in one or another , and this alone is adequate explanation for widespread interest in the law. 在日常生活中，法律的存在是如此普遍以致于几乎所有的人类活动都以各种各样的形式受到其影响，仅此而言足以解释人们为什么对法律的存在广泛兴趣。 Beyong the practical effect law has on individual conduct in specific situations, it possesses additional characteristics that make its study uniquely rewarding. 除了对各种情形下的个人行为具有实际影响外，法律还具有其他一些特点，这些特点使得法律学习能够获得独特的回报。 First, although the law is by no means an occult la