生物传感器的概述和方法.pdf

Biosensors- Concept and method Prof. Jianmin Wu IMAS, Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University 2011-07-13 Interdisciplinary Field 德国研发的环境废水BOD分析仪 便携式葡萄糖(glucose)分析仪 Development of Biosensor • 1962 Clark First generation biosensor-glucose sensor based on Oxygen electrode O + 4 e− + 2 H O → 4 OH− 2 2 • Second generation biosensor based on organic tissues, microorganism, immunology method, enzyme reaction and cell • Third generation biosensor based on combined new technology such as bio-tech, nano-tech, microelectronic ect. Ref: 1987 Jarvis,”Biosensor : Today’s technology, Tomorrow’s products” (A) Pt- (B) Ag/AgCl-electrode (C) KCl electrolyte (D) Teflon membrane (E) rubber ring (F) voltage supply (G) galvanometer Biosensor History • 1916 First report on the immobilization of proteins: adsorption of invertase on activated charcoal. • 1956 Invention of the first oxygen electrode [Leland Clark] • 1962 First description of a biosensor: an amperometric enzyme electrode for glucose. [Leland Clark, New York Academy of Sciences Symposium] • 1969 First potentiometric biosensor: urease immobilized on an ammonia electrode to detect urea. [Guilbault and Montalvo] • 1970 Invention of the Ion-Selective Field-Effect Transistor (ISFET). • 1972/5 First commercial biosensor: Yellow Springs Instruments glucose