基于单片机AT89C51的信号发生器的设计与实现.doc

摘要 信号发生器又称信号源或振荡器，在生产实践和科技领域中有着广泛的应用。各种波形曲线均可以用三角函数方程式来表示。能够产生多种波形，如三角波、锯齿波、矩形波（含方波）、正弦波的电路被称为函数信号发生器。函数信号发生器在电路实验和设备检测中具有十分广泛的用途。例如在通信、广播、电视系统中，都需要射频（高频）发射，这里的射频波就是载波，把音频（低频）、视频信号或脉冲信号运载出去，就需要能够产生高频的振荡器。在工业、农业、生物医学等领域内，如高频感应加热、熔炼、淬火、超声诊断、核磁共振成像等，都需要功率或大或小、频率或高或低的振荡器。 本系统以AT89C51单片机为核心设计了一个信号发生器,采用数字波形合成技术,通过硬件电路和软件程序相结合,可输出自定义波形,如正弦波、方波、三角波、三角波、梯形波及其他任意波形，波形的频率和幅度在一定范围内可任意改变。波形和频率的改变通过软件控制，幅度的改变通过硬件实现。介绍了波形的生成原理、硬件电路和软件部分的设计原理。本系统理论可以产生最高频率20MHZ的波形。该信号发生器具有体积小、价格低、性能稳定、功能齐全的优点。 关键词：AT89C51；DAC0832；液晶显示；键盘控制 Abstract Signal generator is also known as signal source or oscillator, in the production practice and technology is widely used in the field of. Each kind of wave may use the trigonometric function equation. Can produce a variety of waveforms, such as the triangle wave, sawtooth wave, rectangular wave (including square wave ), sine wave circuit is called the function signal generator. Function signal generator in electric circuit experiment and the equipment examination has a very wide range of uses. For example, in communication, broadcasting, television system, needs the radio frequency ( HF) emission, the radio wave is the carrier, the audio frequency ( low frequency ), the video signal or pulse signal to carry out, will need to be able to produce the high frequency oscillator. In industry, agriculture, biomedical and other fields, such as high-frequency induction heating, smelting, quenching, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, required power big or small, or high or low frequency oscillator. This system based on the AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer as the core to design a signal generator, with digital waveform synthesis technology, the hardware circuit and software program combined, can output sine wave, such as custom waveform, square wave, triangle wave, triangle wave, trapezoidal wave and other arbitrary waveform, frequency and amplitude of the waveform in a certain range can be changed arbitrarily. Waveform and frequency change through software c