高中英语冠词和数.ppt

注意1) 序数词表示“又一”时，前面用不定冠词a (an) He bought a second pair of shoes. He asked a question, then a second, then a third… 2) 序数词用作状语或表语时，前不加定冠词。 George arrived first. =George was the first person to arrive. Jim and Jack are both second in the match. 2.3 零冠词的用法 1） 国名，人名前通常不用定冠词：England，Mary。 　 2）泛指的复数名词，表示一类人或事物时，可不用定冠词。例如： 　　 They are teachers. 他们是教师。 　 3）抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词。例如： 　　 Failure is the mother of success.　 失败乃成功之母。 　 4）物质名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词，当表示特定的意思时，需要加定冠词。例如： 　　 Man cannot live without water.　 离开水人就无法生存。 　 5）在季节、月份、节日、 假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词。例如：We go to school from Monday to Friday.我们从星期一到星期五都上课。 　 6）在称呼或表示官衔，职位的名词前不加冠词。例如： 　 The guards took the American to General Lee. 士兵们把这个美国人送到李将军那里。 　 7）在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前，不加冠词，如have breakfast，play chess。 　 8）. 零冠词+单数名词+as，though + 主语+谓语。例如： Hero as he is, he has some shortcomings. Young man as he is,he has seen much of the world, Diligent student as he was,he didn’t pass the exam. 9).在独立结构的某一形式中。 The teacher came in, book in hand.=with a book in his hand. =holding a book in his hand. =a book held in his hand. 固定短语： pen and ink 笔墨, master and servant主仆 At noon /dawn /daybreak /dusk/night /midnight, Come to light, come to power=take office, give birth to, in case of, out of work /order /control/ date /patience /reach /breath /question in use/danger/public, ahead of time, in debt, under repair, day and night, side by side, shoulder to shoulder, hand in hand, by mistake/accident, at war, catch sight of, catch fire, face to face, for certain… 冠词的活用 1,抽象名词具体化。 a heavy rain a surprise一件意外的事 a pleasure a success/ failure a concern一件令人关切的事 2,表示世界上独一无二的事物名词，前面一般加定冠词，但前面有修饰成分时， 可加a/an. the moon, a full moon 3,牢记高考中常见的纯不可数名weather, fun, space 太空，advice, word=news, Progress, information, news Beyond the stars, the astronaut saw nothing but space. 4,西洋乐器名词前往往用定冠词，但是当此类名词用作普通名词时，可以与不定冠词连用。 此外，中国乐器名词前不用冠词。 play the piano, play the violin, play erhu He is playing a borrowed violin. 易混结构 the + 比较级， 两者中较…的 The ta