OOP_5多态性.ppt

* 5.5 运行期类型识别（RTTI） * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3.Name Hiding(隐藏) Suppose that base class B has a nonvirtual method m and its derived class D also has a method m . D’s local method D::m is said to hide the inherited method B::m. Name hiding is particularly tricky(难以捉摸的) if the derived class’s method has a different signature than the base class’s method of the same name . * Error. The local D::m hides the inherited B::m. The method m is nonvirtual. The derived class has the same name method m(with a different signature ) 31 explicitly call B::m m(int) m() From B D * Name hiding can occur with virtual as well as nonvirtual method. In effect , name hiding occurs with virtual methods whenever a derived class virtual method fails to override the base class virtual method ( with a different signature ). * The method m is virtual. The derived class has the same name virtual method m(with a different signature ) For polymorphism to occur , there must be a virtual method with the same signature in each class. * 4. Name Sharing in C++ Programming(名字共享) Top-level functions with overloaded names . This is a convenience (便利) to programmers , who then can use one name to invoke many different function. Constructors with overloaded names . A class often has more than one constructor 。 Nonconstructors methods of the same class with the same name。 In a class hierarchy . For polymorphism to occur , the virtual methods must have the same signature (Name Overriding) When functions in a hierarchy share a name but not a signature , name hiding becomes a danger , So this name sharing be used with great caution(小心). 5.3 Name Overloading, Name Overriding, and Name Hiding * 5.4 Abstract Base Classes It is helpful if the