【2015中考英语常考易错点】专题二十二++完成句子和句子翻译.doc

专题二十二 完成句子和句子翻译 知识清单 1. Its+adj.+for sb.+to do sth. 对某人来说做某事怎么样,如: It is dangerous for children to play in the street. 孩子们在街上玩是很危险的。 2. Its time for sth. 是干某事的时间了; Its time(for sb.)to do sth. 该干某事了。如: ①Its time for the meeting. 该开会了。 ②Its time for us to go to school. 我们该上学了。 3. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 干某事花某人一些时间。 sb. spend some time/money on sth./(in)doing sth. 某人花时间(金钱)在某事上/花时间(金钱)干某事。 sth. cost sb. some money 某事花某人一些钱 pay some money for sth. 为某事(物)付钱,如: ①It took me two hours to write the letter. 写这封信花了我两小时的时间。 ②He spends half an hour(in)reading English every morning. 他每天早上花半小时读英语。 ③He spends one hour on the housework every day. 他每天花一小时做家务。 ④The bike cost me 500 yuan. 这辆自行车花了我500元。 ⑤I spent 500 yuan on the bike. 我买这辆自行车花了500元。 ⑥I paid 500 yuan for the bike. 我花了500元买这辆自行车。 重要提示: cost主语一般为物;spend, pay主语一般为人。例①中it 用作形式主语,动词不定式为真正主语。 4. too+形容词/副词+to do... 太……以致不能…… 如: ①I was too excited to say a word. 我激动得一个字也说不出来。 ②Tom is too short to reach the apple. Tom太矮了,拿不到那个苹果。 重要提示: 这是一个否定句型,不能在不定式前加 not,可以用so... that... 结构改写。例句①可以改写成:I was so excited that I couldn’t say a word. 5. so that... 以便/以致…… 如: ①They studied hard so that they could pass the exam. 为了能通过考试,他们学习很努力。 ②They started early so that they caught the early bus. 他们起得很早,结果赶上了早班车。 重要提示: 在例句①中,是引导目的状语;在例句②中,是引导结果状语。一般来讲,若从句中含有情态动词,则so that引导的为目的状语。若无情态动词,则so that引导的为结果状语。 6. 祈使句+then/or/and+陈述句 如: ①Work hard,and/then/and then you will live a happy life. 努力工作,你就会过上幸福的生活。 ②Hurry up,or we will be late for school. 快点,否则我们上学就迟到了。 注意:以上句型都可以用条件状语从句来改写。例句②可以改写成:If we dont hurry up,well be late for school. 7. Why not do...? 为什么不……? Lets do... 让我们做……吧。 Shall we do...?我们做……好吗? Would you like/to do...? 你想要(做)……吗? Will you please do...? 请你做……好吗? What(How)about doing...? 做……怎么样? had better do/not do sth. 最好做/不做某事。如: ①—Why not go and ask our teacher? ——为什么不去问问老师? —Good idea! Lets go. ——好主意!走吧! ②—Shall we go out for a walk? ——我们去散步怎么样? —No,Lets go to the zoo. ——不,我们去动物园吧。 ③Will you please fetch some chalks for me? 请你给我拿