AcademicWriting[5]英语专业论文写作.pptVIP

Finding a Topic Contents 1. Discovering your Purpose Argumentative Purpose An argumentative paper aims to convince people. It extends beyond investigation to making judgments about the issue. It needs careful research into primary and secondary materials. Argumentative papers are controversial to various degrees and therefore require careful research into all sides of the issues and fair presentation of the fruits of that research. Bias and prejudice will be your enemies here, not your allies, for the scholarly research paper should be reasonable, not strident, cautious in assertions, not rash, and full of careful assimilation and presentation of evidence. Your voice will need the ring of quiet authority if it is to be convincing. 1. Discovering your Purpose Analytical Purpose An analytical paper attempts to analyze component parts for their meanings, causes, or consequences. General conclusions require facts and basic evidence. You may separate the issues, comment on each one, and finally arrive at a synthesis. Explanatory Purpose It serves to review books or articles. The literature review paper normally results in a formal essay comparing published works, examining various theories, and explaining the contributions of other writers. It also contains a bibliography that lists works with brief commentaries. A review paper is not a full-blown research paper, but it does serve researchers during preliminary stages. 2. Discovering your Subject By using your personal experience Writers’ special interests can help them discover a general subject to a paper-topic size. They use personal concerns to guide them through discussions of the same topic. By talking with others Ask people in your school and community for ideas and find topics needing investigation. You may have conversations with fellow investigators, instructors, friends, and even relatives, to generate ideas. Researchers sometimes need to start their research on a park bench rather than at