2015职称英语新增文章5篇全概要1.docxVIP

C第九篇 An Essential Scientific Process　　All life on the earth depends upon green plants. Using sunlight, the plants produce their own?food. Then animals feed upon the plants. They take in the nutrients the plants have made and stored. But that’s not all. Sunlight also helps a plant produce oxygen. Some of the oxygen is used by the plant, but a plant usually produces more oxygen than it uses. The excess oxygen is necessary for animals and other organisms to live.　　The process of changing?light?into?food?and oxygen is called photosynthesis. Besides light energy from the sun, plants also use water and carbon dioxide. The water gets to the plant through its roots. The carbon dioxide enters the leaves through tiny openings called stomata. The carbon dioxide travels to chloroplasts, special cells in the bodies of?green?plants. This is where photosynthesis takes place. Chloroplasts contain the chlorophylls that give plants their green color. The chlorophylls are the molecules that trap?light?energy. The trapped light energy changes water and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and a simple sugar called glucose.　　Carbon dioxide and oxygen move into and out of the stomata. Water vapor also moves out of the stomata. More than 90 percent of water a plant takes in through its roots escapes through the stomata. During the daytime, the stomata of?most?plants are open. This allows carbon dioxide to enter the leaves for photosynthesis. As night falls, carbon dioxide is not needed. The stomata of most plants close. Water loss stops.　　If photosynthesis ceased, there would be little?food?or other organic matter on the earth. Most organisms would disappear. The earth’s atmosphere would no longer contain oxygen. Photosynthesis is essential for life on our planet.　　　　练习：　　1.In the first paragraph，the word “excess” means　　A　heavy.　　B　extra.　　C　green.　　D　liquid.　　2.Which of the following does not move through a plant’s stomata?　　A　Carbon dioxide.　　B　Water vapor.　　C　Oxygen.　　D　Food.　　3.In the ti