Ving作表语宾补定语.ppt

独立主格结构还有其他几种形式 1.主语+介词短语 The teacher came in ,books in his hand. 2.主语+形容词 The boy rushed in, nose red. 3.主语+副词 Light on ,the room is brighter. 4.主语+不定式 Nothing to do ,he went home. 现在分词的一般形式(doing) 现在分词的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，或在谓语动作之前发生。 1.When I entered the room, I found him reading. 2.The teacher came in ,holding a flower in her left hand. 3. Examining the patient carefully, the doctor paid special attention to the pain in his chest. 2.现在分词的完成式(having done) 现在分词的完成式表示分词的动作发生 在谓语动作之前。 完成时态的现在分词在句中经常作状语。 Not having made adequate preparation, we postponed the sports meet. Having examined the patient carefully, the doctor went out of the ward to have a consultation with other doctors. 四、现在分词被动形式 not having been done having been done 完成式 not being done being done 一般式 否定形式 肯定形式 △?在表示一个被动的动作时，如果这个动作是现刻正在进行的，或是与谓语表示的动作同时发生的，就可以用现在分词的被动形式。这种形式可以作定语、状语或构成复合宾语 That building being repaired is our library. （定语） He asked who was the man being operated on. （定语） You’ll find the topic being discussed everywhere. （宾语补足语） As we entered the village, we saw new houses being built. （宾语补足语） △??? 有时还有完成被动形式，如： Having been examined carefully, the patient was sent to the operation room. Being asked to give a performance, she couldn’t very well refuse.（状语） Being examined by the doctor, the patient felt a pain in the chest. （状语） 五、独立主格结构 在用分词短语作状语时, 它逻辑上的主语一般必须与句子的主语一致, 否则它必须有自己独立的逻辑上的主语, 这种结构称为独立主格结构。在句中通常作时间、原因、条件等状语, 例如： He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat. (伴随情况) The shower being over, we continued to march. (时间) So many students being absent, we decided to put the meeting off. (原因) Weather permitting, we’ll have an outing tomorrow. (条件) All things considered, her paper is of greater value than yours. The job done, we went home. The composition written, he handed it to the teacher. 注意 * 分 词 一、构成形式 ? 主动形式 被动形式 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done △??? 过去分词只有一种形式(v+ed)。 △ 现在分词（否定式not +分词）： 二、 语法功 能 1．作表语 2．作定语 3．作状语 4．作宾语补足语