必修三unit1 grammarb3u1 语法.pptVIP

Ability: 1 He can speak English now. 能力 2 He couldn’t speak English a year ago. 3 I’m not able to come to the game on Friday. Permission: All passengers may now board. 允许 We can board now. Obligation: You must fasten your seat belts. 义务 (strong) You should pay attention. (weak) You ought to pay attention. Possibility: 1 It may rain. 可能性 2 How could I forget an important thing like that? 3 He can’t /couldn’t have known the result. Meanings similar to those of the modals can often be conveyed by real verb forms: He has to……………………….=…must… is able to…speak English… =…can… is allowed to……………....=…may… is supposed to……………=…should… 1. can的主要用法是： ? A.? 表示体力或脑力的能力： ? eg. The girl can dance very well. B.? 表示说话者的推测﹑事物的可能性: （一般用于否定句和疑问句中） eg. Can the news be true? C. 在口语中, can可以表示请求或允许： eg. Can I sit here? 2. could的主要用法是： A. could 是can的过去式, 表示与过去 有关的能力和推测: eg. We all knew that the young man couldn’t be a doctor. B. could可以代替can表示请求, 但语气较can委婉: eg. Could you lend me your dictionary? Could I use your bike? 3. can/could have done可能做过/本可以 can’t /could’t have done 不可能做过 eg. They cant have gone out because the light is still on. may 常用来表示： ?A. 表示请求、允许： 比can较为正式: ?? eg. May I come in ? You may go now. B. 表示说话人的猜测: “也许” “可能”: 通常只用于肯定句和否定句中。 eg. --I believe the man is from England. --But I may be wrong. The guest may arrive this afternoon. 在肯定句中，may 的可能性比can 高，may 表示现实的可能性，can 表示理论上的可能性。 在疑问句中，表示可能性用can。 如：Where can he be? 他会在哪呢？ C. 表示祝愿; 但语气较正式: eg. May you succeed!