ch20 part 1国际经济学 多米尼克概要1.pptxVIP

Flexible versus Fixed Exchange Rates, the European Monetary System, and Macroeconomic Policy Coordination 固定汇率制与浮动汇率制的比较，欧洲货币体系与宏观经济政策协调 .;Flexible versus Fixed Exchange Rate Regime浮动汇率与固定汇率体制的比较;Flexible versus Fixed Exchange Rate Regime浮动汇率与固定汇率体制的比较;Flexible versus Fixed Exchange Rate Regime浮动汇率与固定汇率体制的比较;The Advantage of Flexible Exchange Rate Regime浮动汇率制度的优点;The Advantage of Flexible Exchange Rate Regime浮动汇率制度的优点;The Advantage of Fixed Exchange Rate Regime固定汇率制度的优点;;The Advantage of Fixed Exchange Rate Regime固定汇率制度的优点;;The Advantage of Fixed Exchange Rate Regime固定汇率制度的优点;The Advantage of Fixed Exchange Rate Regime固定汇率制度的优点;Case Study 20-1 Macroeconomic Performance under Fixed and Flexible Exchange Rate Regimes固定和浮动汇率制度下的宏观经济指标;1960-1973: fixed exchange rate; 1983-2011: flexible exchange rate The years from 1974 to 1982 were excluded because the petroleum crises of 1973-1974 and 1979-1980 made this period unusual. We find that the economic performance of the leading countries was better during the 1960-1973 period than during the 1983-2011 period. 主要发达国家在60年代的经济表现要好于80和90年代的经济表现。 However, we can not attribute the better performance during 1960-1973 entirely to fixed exchange rates because economic performance depends on many factors, such as labor markets, technological change, and globalization. 但是，我们不能将60年代良好的经济表现完全归功于固定汇率制度，因为经济表现还取决于很多其他的因素，比如劳动力市场，技术转变和全球化。;Summary of “fixed” and “flexible”关于固定和浮动汇率的小节;In general, a fixed rate system is preferable for a small open economy that trades mostly with one or a few larger nations and in which disturbances are primarily of a monetary nature. 一般来说，固定汇率体系对于只与一个或几个较大的国家做生意的小的开放经济体来说更适合，这种环境的国家的货币容易产生动荡。 A flexible rate system seems superior for a large, relatively closed economy with diversified trade and a different inflation-unemployment trade-off , and facing disturbances originating in abroad. 浮动汇率体系更适合于相对封闭的大经济体，该经济体有着多样化的贸易，与贸易伙伴都有着不同的通胀-失业均衡目标。这样的国家面临的动荡主要来自国外。;Optimum Currency Areas最佳货币区