Chapter 2 The nature of approaches and methods in language teaching概要1.pptVIP

Chapter 2 The nature of approaches and methods in language teaching;The purpose of the chapter;Edward Anthony’s Model of three levels of conceptualization;Comment on Anthony’s Model;Revised Model by the authors;Approach;Three theories of language;Functional view (功能语言观): language is a vehicle for the expression of functional meaning semantic and communicative focus also use grammar and lexis, but support topics, ideas and concepts more for communication ESP—English for Specific Purposes (learning the way to communicate in English specifically for a job—like to be a lawyer, doctor or linguist) ;Interactional view (互动/相互作用理论): language as vehicle for the realization of interpersonal relations or social transactions—tools for keeping relationships Patterns of moves, acts, negotiation and interaction found in conversation Organized by patterns of exchange (dialogue) Language content left unspecified, follow the student’s needs;Theory of language learning;Two Questions of a learning theory;Stephen D. Krashen’s Monitor Model;At the level of process, two important terms;At the level of condition, comprehensible input;The sources emphasis of some methods;The focuses of language theory and learning theory;Theory Approach;Design;Objectives;2 Types of Objectives;Syllabus;Types of learning and teaching activities;Activity types in methods thus include the primary categories of learning and teaching activity the method advocates, such as dialogue, responding to commands, group problem-solving, information-exchange activities, improvisations, question and answer, or drills.;Learner Roles;Teacher roles;The related issues of teacher roles;The role of instructional materials;Procedure;Two ways of learning/reasoning;Inductive example The car is green. The cat is orange. The boy is big. The bug is yucky. The truck is noisy. Ss discuss and make a pattern (or rule) that fits all of the examples. The (noun) is (adj.). ;Deductive Example A noun is a word that describes a